Human Metabolomics, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, North-West University, Potchefstroom, 2531, South Africa.
Department of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, Northumbria University, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 8ST, UK.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 6;10(1):11060. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-67884-9.
Endurance athlete performance is greatly dependent on sufficient post-race system recovery, as endurance races have substantial physiological, immunological and metabolic effects on these athletes. To date, the effects of numerous recovery modalities have been investigated, however, very limited literature exists pertaining to metabolic recovery of athletes after endurance races without the utilisation of recovery modalities. As such, this investigation is aimed at identifying the metabolic recovery trend of athletes within 48 h after a marathon. Serum samples of 16 athletes collected 24 h before, immediately after, as well as 24 h and 48 h post-marathon were analysed using an untargeted two-dimensional gas chromatography time-of-flight mass spectrometry metabolomics approach. The metabolic profiles of these comparative time-points indicated a metabolic shift from the overall post-marathon perturbed state back to the pre-marathon metabolic state during the recovery period. Statistical analyses of the data identified 61 significantly altered metabolites including amino acids, fatty acids, tricarboxylic acid cycle, carbohydrates and associated intermediates. These intermediates recovered to pre-marathon related concentrations within 24 h post-marathon, except for xylose which only recovered within 48 h. Furthermore, fluctuations in cholesterol and pyrimidine intermediates indicated the activation of alternative recovery mechanisms. Metabolic recovery of the athletes was attained within 48 h post-marathon, most likely due to reduced need for fuel substrate catabolism. This may result in the activation of glycogenesis, uridine-dependent nucleotide synthesis, protein synthesis, and the inactivation of cellular autophagy. These results may be beneficial in identifying more efficient, targeted recovery approaches to improve athletic performance.
耐力运动员的表现很大程度上取决于赛后充分的系统恢复，因为耐力比赛对这些运动员的生理、免疫和代谢都会产生巨大影响。迄今为止，已经研究了许多恢复方式的效果，但关于在不使用恢复方式的情况下，运动员在耐力比赛后的代谢恢复，文献非常有限。因此，这项研究旨在确定马拉松比赛后 48 小时内运动员的代谢恢复趋势。16 名运动员的血清样本在马拉松比赛前 24 小时、比赛后立即以及比赛后 24 小时和 48 小时采集，使用非靶向二维气相色谱飞行时间质谱代谢组学方法进行分析。这些比较时间点的代谢谱表明，在恢复期间，代谢状态从整体赛后失调状态恢复到赛前代谢状态。对数据的统计分析确定了 61 种显著改变的代谢物，包括氨基酸、脂肪酸、三羧酸循环、碳水化合物和相关中间产物。这些中间产物在马拉松赛后 24 小时内恢复到与赛前相关的浓度，除了木糖，它只在 48 小时内恢复。此外，胆固醇和嘧啶中间产物的波动表明替代恢复机制的激活。运动员的代谢恢复在马拉松赛后 48 小时内完成，这很可能是由于对燃料底物分解的需求减少。这可能导致糖异生、尿苷依赖性核苷酸合成、蛋白质合成以及细胞自噬的失活。这些结果可能有助于确定更有效、有针对性的恢复方法，以提高运动表现。
