Fellowship of Psychosomatic, Department of Psychiatry, University of Social Welfare and Rehabilitation Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Health Management and Economics Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
J Addict Dis. 2020 Oct-Dec;38(4):420-437. doi: 10.1080/10550887.2020.1781346. Epub 2020 Jul 7.
We conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis study to better understand the factors (being drug use, drug type (methamphetamine vs others), sex partner, frequency of injection, homelessness and being HIV positive) associated with injecting-related risk behaviors (lending and/or borrowing already used syringes) among people who inject drugs (PWID). We searched the English language citations in PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, and Cochrane electronic databases for previous studies on risk behaviors among PWID. Two independent researchers reviewed all search results, screened for eligibility and extracted data independently. A meta-analysis was conducted with pooled odds ratio and the 95% confidence intervals for factors associated with injecting risk behaviors among PWID. After detailed assessment of the citations, we included 14 studies in our meta-analysis. Binge drug use (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.06-1.71) and drug type (methamphetamine vs. others) (OR, 1.50; 95% CI, 1.22-1.77) were positively associated with the borrowing of already used syringes among PWID. We also found that drug type (OR, 1.39; 95% CI, 1.16-1.64) and homelessness (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.27-2.51) had a positive association with the lending of already used syringes among PWID. Additionally, being HIV positive was negatively associated with the lending of used syringes among PWID (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.37-0.63). This systematic review and meta-analysis supports harm-reduction initiatives especially the establishment and maintenance of sterile needle syringe programs.
我们进行了这项系统评价和荟萃分析研究，以更好地了解与注射相关的风险行为（借出和/或借用已使用的注射器）相关的因素（吸毒、药物类型（甲基苯丙胺与其他药物）、性伴侣、注射频率、无家可归和 HIV 阳性），这些行为与吸毒者（PWID）有关。我们在 PubMed、Science Direct、Web of Science 和 Cochrane 电子数据库中搜索了关于 PWID 风险行为的英文文献。两名独立的研究人员独立审查了所有检索结果，筛选合格文献并提取数据。我们对与 PWID 注射风险行为相关的因素进行了荟萃分析，计算了合并的优势比和 95%置信区间。在对引文进行详细评估后，我们将 14 项研究纳入荟萃分析。药物滥用（OR，1.39；95%CI，1.06-1.71）和药物类型（甲基苯丙胺与其他药物）（OR，1.50；95%CI，1.22-1.77）与 PWID 借用已使用的注射器呈正相关。我们还发现，药物类型（OR，1.39；95%CI，1.16-1.64）和无家可归（OR，1.89；95%CI，1.27-2.51）与 PWID 借出已使用的注射器呈正相关。此外，HIV 阳性与 PWID 借出已使用的注射器呈负相关（OR，0.58；95%CI，0.37-0.63）。这项系统评价和荟萃分析支持减少伤害的举措，特别是建立和维持无菌针具交换计划。
