Department of Zoology, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, Punjab, India.
Division of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, The University of Texas at Austin, Dell Pediatric Research Institute, 1400 Barbara Jordan Blvd, Austin, TX, 78723, USA.
Biochimie. 2020 Sep;176:62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.biochi.2020.06.012. Epub 2020 Jul 4.
The early detection and diagnosis of cancer is critical to optimize the treatment and management of cancer patients. Typical methods such as imaging and tissue biopsy are invasive, time-consuming, and often imprecise. Thus, recent technological advances of dependable, facile, and minimally invasive collectible oncogenic biomarkers using human biofluids and secretions have been an active area of research. Recently, circulating long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) have been identified as promising biomarkers that fulfill many recommended properties of successful biomarkers for cancer diagnosis and prognosis. LncRNAs play essential roles in many cellular processes including DNA repair, cell proliferation, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) by regulating the expression of various genes associated with cancer development and progression. Herein, we discuss the regulatory functions/pathways associated with multiple cancer-associated lncRNAs and their potential as prognostic/diagnostic markers for breast and cervical cancers. Additionally, we provide a correlation between lncRNA levels in the blood and clinicopathological data, including sensitivity, specificity, and Area Under Curve (AUC) merits of model performance value.
癌症的早期检测和诊断对于优化癌症患者的治疗和管理至关重要。成像和组织活检等典型方法具有侵入性、耗时且常常不够精确。因此，最近在使用人体生物液和分泌物收集可靠、简便和微创的致癌生物标志物方面的技术进步已成为一个活跃的研究领域。最近，循环长链非编码 RNA（lncRNA）已被确定为有前途的生物标志物，它们满足了癌症诊断和预后成功生物标志物的许多推荐特性。lncRNA 通过调节与癌症发生和发展相关的各种基因的表达，在包括 DNA 修复、细胞增殖和上皮-间充质转化（EMT）在内的许多细胞过程中发挥重要作用。在此，我们讨论了与多种癌症相关的 lncRNA 相关的调节功能/途径及其作为乳腺癌和宫颈癌预后/诊断标志物的潜力。此外，我们还提供了血液中 lncRNA 水平与临床病理数据之间的相关性，包括模型性能值的灵敏度、特异性和 AUC 优势。
