Moludi Jalal, Moradinazar Mehdi, Hamzeh Behrooz, Najafi Farid, Soleimani Davood, Pasdar Yahya
Research Center for Environmental Determinants of Health (RCEDH), Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Clinical Research Development Center, Imam Reza Hospital, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
Neuropsychiatr Dis Treat. 2020 Jun 29;16:1595-1603. doi: 10.2147/NDT.S255912. eCollection 2020.
Chronic inflammation is thought to have a major role in the pathophysiology of depression. Diet has been shown to modulate the inflammatory state, thus emphasizing its potential as a therapeutic role in depression. But, little is known about the relationship between dietary intake and depression. The current study aimed to investigate the relationship between major dietary patterns, a dietary inflammatory index (DII) score, and depression among women.
This cross-sectional study included 4630 women aged 35-65 years using baseline data from the Ravansar Non-Communicable Diseases (RaNCD) cohort study in Western Iran. Diet was evaluated using a validated 125-item food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) to determine DII scores and dietary patterns. Traditional, healthy, and unhealthy dietary patterns were extracted using factor analyses.
A significant upward trend in the odds of depression was observed across the tertiles s of DII scores (P-trend: 0.019). After the adjustment for possible risk factors, a high adherence to an unhealthy dietary pattern was associated with a higher risk of depression than a low adherence (OR: 1.63; 95% CI: 1.1-2.4). A high adherence to a healthy dietary pattern was associated with the lower odds (OR: 0.61; 95% CI: 0.04-0.92). Among the main food groups, a high intake of eggs and refined grains was associated with a higher risk of depression.
In women, a refined grain dietary pattern is a risk factor for depression, whereas a healthy dietary pattern is protective. We have also shown that adherence to a pro-inflammatory diet was significantly associated with depression. Adherence to a dietary pattern with high intakes of dairy products, seafood, red meats, nuts, vegetables, fruits, flavor, and vegetable oils and diets with low inflammatory properties were associated with a lower risk of depression in women.
慢性炎症被认为在抑郁症的病理生理学中起主要作用。饮食已被证明可调节炎症状态，因此强调了其在抑郁症治疗中的潜在作用。但是，关于饮食摄入与抑郁症之间的关系知之甚少。本研究旨在调查主要饮食模式、饮食炎症指数（DII）得分与女性抑郁症之间的关系。
这项横断面研究纳入了4630名年龄在35 - 65岁之间的女性，使用了伊朗西部拉万萨尔非传染性疾病（RaNCD）队列研究的基线数据。通过一份经过验证的包含125个条目的食物频率问卷（FFQ）评估饮食，以确定DII得分和饮食模式。使用因子分析提取传统、健康和不健康的饮食模式。
在DII得分的三分位数中，抑郁症的患病几率呈现出显著的上升趋势（P趋势：0.019）。在对可能的风险因素进行调整后，与低依从性相比，高依从性的不健康饮食模式与更高的抑郁症风险相关（比值比：1.63；95%置信区间：1.1 - 2.4）。高依从性的健康饮食模式与较低的患病几率相关（比值比：0.61；95%置信区间：0.04 - 0.92）。在主要食物类别中，高摄入鸡蛋和精制谷物与更高的抑郁症风险相关。
在女性中，精制谷物饮食模式是抑郁症的一个风险因素，而健康的饮食模式具有保护作用。我们还表明，坚持促炎性饮食与抑郁症显著相关。坚持高摄入乳制品、海鲜、红肉、坚果、蔬菜、水果、调味品和植物油且炎症特性较低的饮食模式与女性较低的抑郁症风险相关。
