Poovitha Sundar, Parani Madasamy
Genomics Laboratory, Department of Genetic Engineering, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, India.
J Food Biochem. 2020 Sep;44(9):e13370. doi: 10.1111/jfbc.13370. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Plant-derived compounds are used to manage dyslipidemia and oxidative stress in type 2 diabetic condition. In this study, anti-lipidemic and antioxidant properties of the protein extracts from "Charantia" (PEC) and "Muricata" (PEM) varieties of Momordica charantia were analyzed by quantifying lipids, hepatic, renal, and oxidative stress markers, and histopathological examination of liver and kidney tissues. Protein extracts were orally administered at 10 (PEC10, PEM10) or 20 mg/kg body weight (PEC20, PEM20). Levels of cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides decreased but high-density lipoprotein increased significantly in treated rats as compared to untreated diabetic rats (p < .01), and attained normal physiological range in both doses. Levels of superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, and reduced glutathione increased but thiobarbituric acid reactive substances decreased significantly in treated rats as compared to untreated diabetic rats (p < .01), and attained normal physiological range in PEM20 only. Histopathological examinations supported a protective role for the protein extracts against oxidative stress. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Momordica charantia, a well-known medicinal plant is traditionally used for treating diabetes in India as well as other countries. The whole plant was shown to have medicinal importance. Anti-diabetic potential of this plant was scientifically established largely using organic extracts and water extract mainly from the fruits of this plant. However, protein extracts from the seeds and fruit pulp of this plant were also proven to have anti-diabetic activity. The present study illustrates the anti-lipidemic and antioxidant effect of protein extracts from the fruit pulp of two varieties of M. charantia (Charantia and Muricata) in Streptozotocin-induced type 2 diabetic rats. This study provides experimental evidence in support of its use in the management of type 2 diabetes-related complications.
植物来源的化合物可用于控制2型糖尿病患者的血脂异常和氧化应激。在本研究中，通过对脂质、肝脏、肾脏和氧化应激标志物进行定量分析，以及对肝脏和肾脏组织进行组织病理学检查，分析了苦瓜“Charantia”（PEC）和“Muricata”（PEM）品种的蛋白质提取物的抗血脂和抗氧化特性。蛋白质提取物按10（PEC10、PEM10）或20mg/kg体重（PEC20、PEM20）口服给药。与未治疗的糖尿病大鼠相比，治疗组大鼠的胆固醇、低密度脂蛋白和甘油三酯水平降低，但高密度脂蛋白水平显著升高（p < 0.01），且两种剂量均达到正常生理范围。与未治疗的糖尿病大鼠相比，治疗组大鼠的超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶、谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和还原型谷胱甘肽水平升高，但硫代巴比妥酸反应性物质水平显著降低（p < 0.01），且仅PEM20达到正常生理范围。组织病理学检查支持蛋白质提取物对氧化应激具有保护作用。实际应用：苦瓜是一种著名的药用植物，在印度和其他国家传统上用于治疗糖尿病。整个植株都显示出药用价值。该植物的抗糖尿病潜力主要通过科学方法利用该植物果实的有机提取物和水提取物来确定。然而，该植物种子和果肉的蛋白质提取物也被证明具有抗糖尿病活性。本研究阐明了苦瓜两个品种（Charantia和Muricata）果肉的蛋白质提取物对链脲佐菌素诱导的2型糖尿病大鼠的抗血脂和抗氧化作用。本研究为其用于管理2型糖尿病相关并发症提供了实验证据。
