Capó Xavier, Ferrer Miguel D, Olek Robert A, Salaberry Eduardo, Suau Rafael, Marí Bartolomé, Llompart Isabel, Tur Josep A, Sureda Antoni, Pons Antoni
Research Group in Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress, Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa), 07120 Palma, Spain.
CIBEROBN (Fisiopatología de la Obesidad y la Nutrición CB12/03/30038), Instituto de Salud Carlos III, 28029 Madrid, Spain.
Antioxidants (Basel). 2020 Jul 7;9(7):596. doi: 10.3390/antiox9070596.
The beneficial effects of exercise for the treatment and prevention of metabolic syndrome pathologies have been related to its anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects. Dietary nitrate supplementation is an emerging treatment strategy to alleviate the symptoms of metabolic syndrome affections and to improve vascular function. In this double-blind crossover trial, metabolic syndrome patients performed two exercise tests for 30 min at 60-70% maximal heart rate after the intake of a placebo or a nitrate-enriched beverage. Acute exercise increased the plasma concentration of TNFα, intercellular adhesion molecule ICAM1, PGE1, PGE2 and the newly detected 16-hydroxypalmitic acid (16-HPAL) in metabolic syndrome patients. The cytokine and oxylipin production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and neutrophils could be responsible for the plasma concentrations of TNFα and IL6, but not for the plasma concentration of oxylipins nor its post-exercise increase. The intake of sodium nitrate 30 min before exercise increased the concentration of nitrate and nitrite in the oral cavity and plasma and reduced the oxygen cost of exercise. Additionally, nitrate intake prevented the enhancing effects of acute exercise on the plasma concentration of TNFα, ICAM1, PGE1, PGE2 and 16-HPAL, while reducing the capabilities of PBMCs and neutrophils to produce oxylipins.
运动对代谢综合征病理的治疗和预防有益，这与其抗炎和抗氧化作用有关。补充膳食硝酸盐是一种新兴的治疗策略，可缓解代谢综合征的症状并改善血管功能。在这项双盲交叉试验中，代谢综合征患者在摄入安慰剂或富含硝酸盐的饮料后，以最大心率的60%-70%进行了两次30分钟的运动测试。急性运动增加了代谢综合征患者血浆中TNFα、细胞间粘附分子ICAM1、PGE1、PGE2以及新检测到的16-羟基棕榈酸（16-HPAL）的浓度。外周血单核细胞（PBMCs）和中性粒细胞产生的细胞因子和氧化脂质可能与血浆中TNFα和IL6的浓度有关，但与氧化脂质的血浆浓度及其运动后增加无关。运动前30分钟摄入硝酸钠可增加口腔和血浆中硝酸盐和亚硝酸盐的浓度，并降低运动的氧耗。此外，硝酸盐摄入可防止急性运动对血浆中TNFα、ICAM1、PGE1、PGE2和16-HPAL浓度的增强作用，同时降低PBMCs和中性粒细胞产生氧化脂质的能力。
