Stadlbauer Vanessa, Zink Christoph, Likar Paul, Zink Michael
Department of Internal Medicine, Research Unit "Transplantation Research", Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Hospital of the Brothers of St. John of God, St. Veit an der Glan, Austria and Hospital of the Elisabethinen Klagenfurt, Klagenfurt, Austria.
BMC Med Ethics. 2020 Jul 9;21(1):57. doi: 10.1186/s12910-020-00499-x.
Knowledge and attitude towards organ donation are critical factors influencing organ donation rate. We aimed to assess the knowledge and attitude towards organ donation in adolescents in Austria and Switzerland.
A paper-based survey was performed in two secondary schools (age range 11-20 years) in Austria and Switzerland. 354/400 surveys were sufficiently answered and analyzed.
Our study found that knowledge on organ donation is scarce in adolescents. Less than 60% of those surveyed thinks that a person is dead when declared brain dead. 84.6% would authorize organ donation after brain death for themselves, but only 69% would authorize organ donation after brain death for a close relative. 93.7% would accept a donor organ if they needed one. Family discussions, rather than school discussions, influenced knowledge on organ donation, the percentage of respondents who have a firm opinion on organ donation and the rate of declaration of this opinion. Age, gender, nationality and religion also influenced knowledge and attitude towards organ donation. Nearly one third of adolescents are of the opinion that selling non-vital organs should be legalized.
Since having had family discussions, a potentially modifiable factor, was positively associated with knowledge and attitude towards organ donation, we postulate that educational programs stimulating family discussions on organ donation may be a promising strategy to increase knowledge.
对器官捐献的认知和态度是影响器官捐献率的关键因素。我们旨在评估奥地利和瑞士青少年对器官捐献的认知和态度。
在奥地利和瑞士的两所中学（年龄范围11 - 20岁）进行了纸质问卷调查。对354份/400份充分作答的问卷进行了分析。
我们的研究发现青少年对器官捐献的了解很少。不到60%的受访者认为宣布脑死亡时人已死亡。84.6%的人会授权在自己脑死亡后进行器官捐献，但只有69%的人会授权在近亲脑死亡后进行器官捐献。93.7%的人在需要时会接受捐赠器官。家庭讨论而非学校讨论影响了对器官捐献的认知、对器官捐献有坚定看法的受访者比例以及表达这种看法的比例。年龄、性别、国籍和宗教也影响了对器官捐献的认知和态度。近三分之一的青少年认为非重要器官的买卖应该合法化。
由于进行家庭讨论这一潜在可改变的因素与对器官捐献的认知和态度呈正相关，我们推测促进家庭关于器官捐献讨论的教育项目可能是增加认知的一个有前景的策略。
