Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Florida Museum of Natural History, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA; Department of Biology, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Trends Cell Biol. 2020 Sep;30(9):688-694. doi: 10.1016/j.tcb.2020.06.006. Epub 2020 Jul 6.
Polyploidy, resulting from the duplication of the entire genome of an organism or cell, greatly affects genes and genomes, cells and tissues, organisms, and even entire ecosystems. Despite the wide-reaching importance of polyploidy, communication across disciplinary boundaries to identify common themes at different scales has been almost nonexistent. However, a critical need remains to understand commonalities that derive from shared polyploid cellular processes across organismal diversity, levels of biological organization, and fields of inquiry - from biodiversity and biocomplexity to medicine and agriculture. Here, we review the current understanding of polyploidy at the organismal and suborganismal levels, identify shared research themes and elements, and propose new directions to integrate research on polyploidy toward confronting interdisciplinary grand challenges of the 21 century.
多倍体是指生物体或细胞的整个基因组发生重复，会对基因和基因组、细胞和组织、生物体甚至整个生态系统产生重大影响。尽管多倍体具有广泛的重要性，但不同学科之间几乎没有进行交流以确定不同尺度上的共同主题。然而，仍然迫切需要了解源自生物体多样性、生物组织层次和研究领域的共同现象，这些共同现象来自于共享的多倍体细胞过程，从生物多样性和生物复杂性到医学和农业。在这里，我们综述了在生物体和亚生物体水平上对多倍体的现有认识，确定了共同的研究主题和要素，并提出了新的方向，以整合多倍体的研究，应对 21 世纪跨学科的重大挑战。
