Department of Analytical Chemistry and Food Technology, University of Castilla-La Mancha, Camilo José Cela Avenue, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Regional Institute of Applied Scientific Investigation (IRICA), University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071, Ciudad Real, Spain.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 9;10(1):11265. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68154-4.
Microbial detoxification has been proposed as a new alternative for removing toxins and pollutants. In this study, the biodetoxification activities of yeasts against aflatoxin B and zinc were evaluated by HPLC and voltammetric techniques. The strains with the best activity were also subjected to complementary assays, namely biocontrol capability and heavy-metal resistance. The results indicate that the detoxification capability is toxin- and strain-dependent and is not directly related to cell growth. Therefore, we can assume that there are some other mechanisms involved in the process, which must be studied in the future. Only 33 of the 213 strains studied were capable of removing over 50% of aflatoxin B, Rhodotrorula mucilaginosa being the best-performing species detected. As for zinc, there were 39 strains that eliminated over 50% of the heavy metal, with Diutina rugosa showing the best results. Complementary experiments were carried out on the strains with the best detoxification activity. Biocontrol tests against mycotoxigenic moulds showed that almost 50% of strains had an inhibitory effect on growth. Additionally, 53% of the strains grew in the presence of 100 mg/L of zinc. It has been proven that yeasts can be useful tools for biodetoxification, although further experiments must be carried out in order to ascertain the mechanisms involved.
微生物解毒已被提议作为去除毒素和污染物的一种新方法。在这项研究中，通过 HPLC 和伏安技术评估了酵母对黄曲霉毒素 B 和锌的生物解毒活性。对具有最佳活性的菌株进行了补充试验，即生物防治能力和重金属抗性。结果表明，解毒能力取决于毒素和菌株，与细胞生长无关。因此，我们可以假设该过程涉及一些其他机制，这些机制必须在未来进行研究。在所研究的 213 株菌株中，只有 33 株能够去除超过 50%的黄曲霉毒素 B，其中罗逊红酵母表现出最佳性能。对于锌，有 39 株菌株能够去除超过 50%的重金属，其中粗糙球拟酵母的效果最好。对具有最佳解毒活性的菌株进行了补充实验。对产霉菌毒素真菌的生物防治试验表明，近 50%的菌株对生长有抑制作用。此外，53%的菌株能够在 100mg/L 的锌存在下生长。事实证明，酵母可以作为生物解毒的有用工具，尽管必须进行进一步的实验来确定所涉及的机制。
