Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, University of Silesia, 9, Bankowa St., 40-007, Katowice, Poland.
Laboratory of Evolutionary Entomology and Museum of Amber Inclusions, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Parasitology, University of Gdańsk, 59, Wita Stwosza St., 80-308, Gdańsk, Poland.
Sci Rep. 2020 Jul 9;10(1):11390. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68220-x.
The Sternorrhyncha, which comprise about 18,700 described recent species, is a suborder of the Hemiptera, one of big five most diverse insect orders. In the modern fauna, these tiny phytophages comprise insects of great ecological and economic importance, like aphids (Aphidomorpha), scale insects (Coccidomorpha), whiteflies (Aleyrodomorpha) and psyllids (Psylloidea). Their evolutionary history can be traced back to the Late Carboniferous, but the early stages of their evolution and diversification is poorly understood, with two known extinct groups-Pincombeomorpha and Naibiomorpha variously placed in classifications and relationships hypotheses. Most of the recent Sternorrhyncha groups radiated rapidly during the Cretaceous. Here we report the new finding of very specialised sternorrhynchans found as inclusions in mid-Cretaceous amber from Kachin state (northern Myanmar), which represent another extinct lineage within this hemipteran suborder. These fossils, proposed to be placed in a new infraorder, are revealed to be related to whiteflies and psyllids. We present, also for the first time, the results of phylogenetic analyses covering extinct and extant lineages of the Sternorrhyncha.
半翅目缨翅目，包括约 18700 种描述的现代物种，是半翅目昆虫的一个亚目，也是最大的五个昆虫目之一。在现代动物群中，这些微小的植食性昆虫包括具有重要生态和经济意义的昆虫，如蚜虫（蚜总科）、介壳虫（蚧总科）、粉虱（粉虱总科）和木虱（木虱总科）。它们的进化历史可以追溯到晚石炭纪，但它们的早期进化和多样化阶段知之甚少，已知有两个灭绝的群体——Pincombeomorpha 和 Naibiomorpha，在分类和关系假说中被归入不同的位置。大多数现代缨翅目群体在白垩纪迅速辐射。在这里，我们报告了在来自克钦邦（缅甸北部）的白垩纪中期琥珀中发现的非常特殊的缨翅目昆虫的新发现，这代表了这个半翅目亚目中的另一个灭绝谱系。这些化石被提议归入一个新的下目，被揭示与粉虱和木虱有关。我们还首次展示了涵盖缨翅目灭绝和现存谱系的系统发育分析结果。
