Boderau Mathieu, Nel André, Jouault Corentin
Institut de Systématique, Évolution, Biodiversité (UMR 7205) Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, CNRS, Sorbonne Université, EPHE-PSL, Université des Antilles, Paris, France.
Oxford University Museum of Natural History, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Commun Biol. 2025 Mar 3;8(1):352. doi: 10.1038/s42003-025-07773-x.
Untangling the patterns and drivers behind the diversification and extinction of highly diversified lineages remains a challenge in evolutionary biology. While insect diversification has been widely studied through the "Big Four" insect orders (Coleoptera, Hymenoptera, Lepidoptera and Diptera), the fifth most diverse order, Hemiptera, has often been overlooked. Hemiptera exhibit a rich fossil record and are highly diverse in present-day ecosystems, with many lineages closely associated to their host plants, making them a crucial group for studying how past ecological shifts-such as mass extinctions and floral turnovers-have influenced insect diversification. This study leverages birth-death models in a Bayesian framework and the fossil record of Hemiptera to estimate their past diversity dynamics. Our results reveal that global changes in flora over time significantly shaped the evolutionary trajectories of Hemiptera. Two major faunal turnovers particularly influenced Hemiptera diversification: (i) the aftermath of the Permo-Triassic mass extinction and (ii) the Angiosperm Terrestrial Revolution. Our analyses suggest that diversification of Hemiptera clades was driven by floristic shifts combined with competitive pressures from overlapping ecological niches. Leveraging the extensive fossil record of Hemiptera allowed us to refine our understanding of diversification patterns across major hemipteran lineages.
理清高度多样化谱系的多样化和灭绝背后的模式及驱动因素，仍然是进化生物学中的一项挑战。虽然昆虫的多样化已通过“四大”昆虫目（鞘翅目、膜翅目、鳞翅目和双翅目）得到广泛研究，但第五大多样化的半翅目常常被忽视。半翅目有着丰富的化石记录，且在当今生态系统中高度多样化，许多谱系与它们的寄主植物密切相关，这使它们成为研究过去的生态变化（如大规模灭绝和植物更替）如何影响昆虫多样化的关键类群。本研究利用贝叶斯框架下的生灭模型以及半翅目的化石记录来估计其过去的多样性动态。我们的结果表明，植物群随时间的全球变化显著塑造了半翅目的进化轨迹。两次主要的动物群更替尤其影响了半翅目的多样化：（i）二叠纪-三叠纪大灭绝的后果，以及（ii）被子植物陆地革命。我们的分析表明，半翅目类群的多样化是由植物区系变化以及重叠生态位的竞争压力共同驱动的。利用半翅目广泛的化石记录使我们能够深化对主要半翅目谱系多样化模式的理解。
