Bhardwaj Pooja, Singh Kunvar Ravendra, Jadeja Niti B, Phale Prashant S, Kapley Atya
Director's Research Cell, National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI), Nehru Marg, Nagpur, 440020 India.
Department of Bioscience and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, India.
Indian J Microbiol. 2020 Sep;60(3):388-391. doi: 10.1007/s12088-020-00877-4. Epub 2020 May 7.
Pesticide accumulation in agricultural soils is an environmental concern, often addressed through distinct bioremediation strategies. This study has tried to analyze various soil bioremediation options viz., biostimulation, bioaugmentation, and natural attenuation in terms of efficiency and the response of autochthonous microbial flora by using atrazine as a model contaminant. Soil mesocosms were established with 100 kg of soil simulating the field conditions. The soil previously exposed to the herbicide was used for the bioaugmentation strategy undertaken in this study. We have tried to analyze how the microbial community responds to a foreign compound, both in terms of taxonomic and functional capacities? To answer this, we have analyzed metagenome of the mesocosms at a time point when 90% atrazine was degraded. Bioaugmentation for bioremediation proved to be efficient with a DT90 value of 15.48 ± 0.79 days, in comparison to the natural attenuation where the DT90 value was observed to be 41.20 ± 1.95 days. Metagenomic analysis revealed the abundance of orders Erysipelotrichales, Selemonadales, Clostridiales, and Thermoanaerobacterales exclusively in SBS mesocosm. Besides , bacterial genera such as , , and have emerged as the dominant members in various bioremediation strategies tested in this study. Inclusive results suggest that inherent microbial flora adjust their community and metabolic machinery upon exposure to the pollutant. The site under pollutant stress showed efficient microbial communities to bio-remediate the newly polluted terrestrial ecologies in relatively less time and by economic means.
农业土壤中的农药积累是一个环境问题，通常通过不同的生物修复策略来解决。本研究试图以阿特拉津为模型污染物，从效率和本地微生物群落的响应方面分析各种土壤生物修复选项，即生物刺激、生物强化和自然衰减。用100千克土壤建立了模拟田间条件的土壤中型生态系统。本研究中用于生物强化策略的土壤是先前接触过除草剂的土壤。我们试图分析微生物群落如何在分类学和功能能力方面对外源化合物作出反应？为了回答这个问题，我们在阿特拉津降解90%的时间点分析了中型生态系统的宏基因组。事实证明，生物修复的生物强化效率很高，DT90值为15.48±0.79天，而自然衰减的DT90值为41.20±1.95天。宏基因组分析揭示，仅在SBS中型生态系统中存在大量丹毒丝菌目、透明颤菌目、梭菌目和嗜热厌氧菌目。此外，在本研究测试的各种生物修复策略中，诸如[此处原文缺失具体细菌属名]等细菌属已成为优势成员。综合结果表明，固有微生物群落在接触污染物后会调整其群落和代谢机制。受污染物胁迫的场地显示出高效的微生物群落，能够在相对较短的时间内通过经济手段对新污染的陆地生态系统进行生物修复。
