Laboratorio de Vectores Y Enfermedades Transmitidas, Facultad de Veterinaria, CENUR Litoral Norte - Salto, Universidad de La República, Rivera 1350, CP 50000, Salto, Uruguay.
Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria, Plataforma de Salud Animal, Estación Experimental INIA Tacuarembó, 45000, Tacuarembó, Uruguay.
Exp Appl Acarol. 2020 Aug;81(4):575-583. doi: 10.1007/s10493-020-00523-0. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Anaplasmataceae includes the genera Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Neorickettsia and Wolbachia, comprising a group of obligate intracellular bacteria. The genus Anaplasma has pathogenic species transmitted by ticks of veterinary and human health importance. Wild ungulates such as deer represent important reservoirs and amplifiers of Anaplasmataceae. The interaction between deer and domestic ruminants represents a serious problem due to the transmission of these pathogens through their ectoparasites. In the present study, we investigated the presence of Anaplasmataceae organisms in blood, tissues and tick samples of a gray-brocket deer (Mazama gouazoubira). The specimen was found dead in a farm in northeast Uruguay. PCRs targeting partial regions of 16S rRNA and groESL genes were carried out for Anaplasmataceae DNA detection. Moreover, several ectoparasites were identified: the chewing louse Tricholipeurus albimarginatus, the Neotropical deer louse fly Lipoptena mazamae, and the ticks Haemaphysalis juxtakochi and Rhipicephalus microplus. A consensus sequence of 1274 bp of 16S rRNA was generated for Anaplasma sp. from the M. gouazoubira blood sample. All ticks analysed by PCR assays were negative. No band was detected in any of the samples after PCR targeting groESL gene. Phylogenetic analysis using 16S rRNA partial gene sequences, clustered the putative novel genotype sequence obtained in this study, named Anaplasma sp. genotype Mazama-Uruguay, along with Anaplasma sp. detected in Mazama sp., Mazama americana and Mazama bororo, all deer species from Brazil. Furthermore, this cluster showed to be closely related to Anaplasma bovis sequences obtained from various ruminants and other mammals from several parts of the world. The pathogenicity as well as its infecting potential to other cervids or domestic ruminants is currently unknown. Further studies should be performed in order to characterize this novel species, especially targeting other genes.
无形体科包括无形体属、埃立克体属、新立克次体属和沃尔巴克氏体属，它们包含一组专性细胞内细菌。无形体属中的一些种是具有医学重要性的蜱传病原体，可感染兽医和人类。野生有蹄类动物（如鹿）是无形体科的重要贮存宿主和扩增宿主。由于这些病原体通过其外寄生虫在鹿和家养反刍动物之间传播，因此两者之间的相互作用是一个严重的问题。在本研究中，我们调查了乌拉圭东北部一个农场内一只灰狍鹿（Mazama gouazoubira）的血液、组织和蜱样本中是否存在无形体科生物体。该标本是在该农场死亡的。针对 16S rRNA 和 groESL 基因的部分区域进行了 PCR，以检测无形体科的 DNA。此外，还鉴定了几种外寄生虫：咀嚼虱 Tricholipeurus albimarginatus、新热带鹿虱蝇 Lipoptena mazamae 以及硬蜱 Haemaphysalis juxtakochi 和 Rhipicephalus microplus。从 M. gouazoubira 的血液样本中生成了 1274bp 的 16S rRNA 一致序列，用于鉴定无形体属。所有通过 PCR 检测的蜱均为阴性。groESL 基因的 PCR 检测未在任何样本中检测到条带。使用 16S rRNA 部分基因序列进行的系统发育分析，将本研究中获得的新型基因型序列聚类，命名为 Anaplasma sp. 基因型 Mazama-Uruguay，与巴西的马属动物（Mazama sp.、Mazama americana 和 Mazama bororo）中检测到的 Anaplasma sp. 一起聚类。此外，该聚类与从世界各地不同反刍动物和其他哺乳动物中获得的牛无形体序列密切相关。该病原体的致病性及其对其他鹿科动物或家养反刍动物的感染潜力目前尚不清楚。为了对这种新型物种进行特征描述，特别是针对其他基因，应开展进一步的研究。
