Hrichi Soukaina, Rigano Francesca, Chaabane-Banaoues Raja, Oulad El Majdoub Yassine, Mangraviti Domenica, Di Marco Davide, Babba Hamouda, Dugo Paola, Mondello Luigi, Mighri Zine, Cacciola Francesco
Laboratory of Physico-Chemistry of Materials, Faculty of Sciences of Monastir, University of Monastir, Monastir 5000, Tunisia.
Department of Chemical, Biological, Pharmaceutical and Environmental Sciences, University of Messina, 98168 Messina, Italy.
Foods. 2020 Jul 8;9(7):896. doi: 10.3390/foods9070896.
Apart from its essential oil, L. kernel extract has received only scarce attention. The present study aimed to describe the lipid and polyphenolic composition of the dichloromethane, chloroform, ethyl acetate, and ethanol extracts on the basis of hot extraction, performing analysis by gas chromatography and high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. A total of 6 diacylglycerols (DAGs) and 18 triacylglycerols (TAGs) were detected as being present in all extracts, with the predominance of OLL (dilinoleyl-olein), OOL (dioleoyl-linolein), and OOO (triolein), with percentages ranging from 19.0-32.8%, 20.3-23.6%, and 12.1-20.1%, respectively. In further detail, the extraction with ethyl acetate (medium polarity solvent) gave the highest signal for all peaks, followed by chloroform and dichloromethane (more apolar solvent), while the extraction with ethanol (polar solvent) was the least efficient. Ethanol showed very poor signal for the most saturated TAGs, while dichloromethane showed the lowest percentages of DAGs. Accordingly, the screening of the total fatty acid composition revealed the lowest percentage of linoleic acid (C18:2n6) in the dichloromethane extract, which instead contained the highest amount (greater than 60%) of oleic acid (C18:1n9). Polyphenolic compounds with pharmacological effects (anti-tumor, anti-coagulant, and inflammatory), such as coumarin derivative and amygdalin, occurred at a higher amount in ethyl acetate and ethanol extracts.
除了其精油外，L. 果仁提取物很少受到关注。本研究旨在描述基于热萃取的二氯甲烷、氯仿、乙酸乙酯和乙醇提取物的脂质和多酚成分，通过气相色谱和液相色谱 - 质谱联用进行分析。在所有提取物中总共检测到6种二酰基甘油（DAG）和18种三酰基甘油（TAG），其中以OLL（二亚油酰 - 油酰甘油）、OOL（二油酰 - 亚油酰甘油）和OOO（三油酰甘油）为主，其百分比分别为19.0 - 32.8%、20.3 - 23.6%和12.1 - 20.1%。更详细地说，用乙酸乙酯（中等极性溶剂）萃取时所有峰的信号最高，其次是氯仿和二氯甲烷（极性更低的溶剂），而用乙醇（极性溶剂）萃取效率最低。乙醇对大多数饱和TAG的信号非常弱，而二氯甲烷中DAG的百分比最低。因此，对总脂肪酸组成的筛选显示二氯甲烷提取物中亚油酸（C18:2n6）的百分比最低，而该提取物中油酸（C18:1n9）的含量最高（超过60%）。具有药理作用（抗肿瘤、抗凝血和抗炎）的多酚化合物，如香豆素衍生物和苦杏仁苷，在乙酸乙酯和乙醇提取物中的含量较高。
