Institute of Women's Health Science, Showa Women's University, Tokyo, Japan.
Day Care SKY, Yokohama, Japan.
J Nutr. 2020 Sep 1;150(9):2383-2390. doi: 10.1093/jn/nxaa186.
Supplementation with medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs) was previously shown to increase muscle function in frail elderly individuals.
We aimed to assess effects of MCTs on cognition in such individuals.
We enrolled 64 elderly nursing home residents (85.5 ± 6.8 y; 13 men, 51 women; BMI 18.6 ± 2.5 kg/m2) in a 3-mo randomized, controlled, single-blinded, intervention trial. Participants were randomly allocated to 3 groups: the first group received supplemental L-leucine (1.2 g) and cholecalciferol (20 μg) enriched with 6 g/d of MCTs (LD + MCT group) as a positive control, the second group received 6 g/d of MCTs (MCT group) as the test nutrient, and the third group received 6 g/d of long-chain triglycerides (LCT group) as a negative control. Cognition (secondary outcome) was monitored 4 times: baseline, 1.5 and 3 mo after initiation of the intervention (intervention), and 1.5 mo after termination of the intervention (postintervention follow-up). Cognition scores were assessed by a linear mixed model (intention-to-treat analysis).
MCT supplementation increased the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) score by 3.5 points at the 3-mo intervention from baseline (P < 0.001) [intention-to-treat adjusted means: baseline 17.5 points (95% CI: 14.9, 20.2), 3-mo intervention 21.0 points (18.3, 23.7)], whereas LCT supplementation decreased the MMSE score by -0.7 points [baseline 17.0 points (95% CI: 14.4, 19.6), 3-mo intervention 16.3 points (13.6, 18.9)]. At the 3-mo intervention, the difference in MMSE score between the MCT (21.0 points) and LCT (16.3 points) groups became significant (P < 0.05). The increase in MMSE score in response to MCTs was 2.1-fold greater at 3 mo than at 1.5 mo and had returned to baseline value at the 4.5-mo postintervention follow-up visit.
Supplementation with 6 g MCTs/d may improve the cognition of frail elderly individuals. This trial was registered at umin.ac.jp as UMIN000023302.
此前的研究表明，中链甘油三酯（MCTs）的补充可以增加虚弱老年人的肌肉功能。
我们旨在评估 MCT 对这些人群认知的影响。
我们招募了 64 名老年疗养院居民（85.5±6.8 岁；13 名男性，51 名女性；BMI 18.6±2.5kg/m2）参加一项为期 3 个月的随机、对照、单盲、干预试验。参与者被随机分配到 3 组：第一组接受补充 L-亮氨酸（1.2g）和胆钙化醇（20μg），并添加 6g/d 的 MCT（LD+MCT 组）作为阳性对照，第二组接受 6g/d 的 MCT（MCT 组）作为测试营养素，第三组接受 6g/d 的长链甘油三酯（LCT 组）作为阴性对照。认知（次要结果）在 4 次监测：基线、干预开始后 1.5 和 3 个月（干预）和干预结束后 1.5 个月（干预后随访）。通过线性混合模型（意向治疗分析）评估认知评分。
MCT 补充剂在 3 个月的干预后使 Mini-Mental State Examination（MMSE）评分从基线增加了 3.5 分（P <0.001）[意向治疗调整后的平均值：基线 17.5 分（95%CI：14.9，20.2），3 个月的干预 21.0 分（18.3，23.7）]，而 LCT 补充剂使 MMSE 评分降低了-0.7 分[基线 17.0 分（95%CI：14.4，19.6），3 个月的干预 16.3 分（13.6，18.9）]。在 3 个月的干预时，MCT（21.0 分）和 LCT（16.3 分）组之间的 MMSE 评分差异具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。在 3 个月时，MCT 对 MMSE 评分的影响增加了 2.1 倍，而在 1.5 个月时则恢复到基线值，在 4.5 个月的干预后随访时。
每天补充 6g MCT 可能会改善虚弱老年人的认知能力。该试验在 umin.ac.jp 上注册为 UMIN000023302。
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