Department of Psychology, Health, Psychology and Social Care, Manchester Metropolitan University, Manchester, UK.
Division of Psychology and Mental Health, School of Health Sciences, Manchester Academic Health Science Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK.
Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2021 Sep;26(3):195-203. doi: 10.1111/camh.12403. Epub 2020 Jul 11.
BACKGROUND: Despite the high prevalence of voice-hearing in childhood, research with adolescents aged under 16 years is scarce. Theoretical connections between clinical and developmental conceptualizations of voice-hearing are limited, resulting in missed opportunities to explore unusual sensory experiences with young people. METHODS: Demographic, contextual and qualitative data were collected through a web-based survey with 68 adolescents (M = 14.91; SD = 2.77) from Australia, Canada, Ireland, New Zealand, Spain, the United Kingdom and United States of America. A Foucauldian-informed narrative analysis captured phenomenologically meaningful individual accounts and systemically informed narratives. Analytic layers attended specifically to the form and function of voices, including relational, protective, distressing and nuanced experiences, offering new insights into individual, systemic and cultural interpretative narratives surrounding voice-hearing to inform research, policy and tailored support. RESULTS: The average self-reported age of onset of voices was 9 years, 5 months. Reciprocal relationships with pleasant voices were evidenced through the narratives and characterization of voices, while distressing voices were described without reciprocity and the voices held greater power over the young person. Positive aspects of negative voices were discussed and are illustrated with a continuum matrix reflecting interpretation and related affect. CONCLUSIONS: Voice-hearing is a heterogeneous and often complex relational experience for young people, with structural inequalities, relational traumas and social isolation attributed causes of voice-hearing. Developing personal meaning-making mitigated voice-related distress through contextualizing the origin of the voices in past experiences, without attribution to mental illness. Recommendations are proposed for assessment, formulation and relational interventions that recognize the potential impact of the voice-child-other relationship upon psychosocial functioning and wellbeing.
背景：尽管儿童期幻听的发病率很高，但针对 16 岁以下青少年的研究却很少。临床和发展概念化幻听之间的理论联系有限，导致错过了与年轻人探索异常感官体验的机会。
方法：通过一项基于网络的调查，从澳大利亚、加拿大、爱尔兰、新西兰、西班牙、英国和美国收集了 68 名青少年（M=14.91；SD=2.77）的人口统计学、背景和定性数据。受福柯理论启发的叙事分析捕捉了具有现象学意义的个人叙述和系统启发的叙述。分析层次特别关注声音的形式和功能，包括关系、保护、困扰和细微差别体验，为研究、政策和量身定制的支持提供了围绕幻听的个人、系统和文化解释叙述的新见解。
结果：自我报告声音出现的平均年龄为 9 岁 5 个月。通过叙述和声音的刻画，表现出与愉快声音的互惠关系，而困扰声音则没有表现出互惠关系，声音对年轻人更具影响力。还讨论了负性声音的积极方面，并通过反映解释和相关影响的连续矩阵进行了说明。
结论：幻听是年轻人一种异质且常常复杂的关系体验，结构不平等、关系创伤和社会隔离被归因于幻听的原因。通过将声音的起源在过去的经历中进行情境化，而不将其归因于精神疾病，从而对个人意义的形成减轻了与声音相关的困扰。提出了评估、制定和关系干预的建议，这些建议认识到声音-儿童-他人关系对心理社会功能和幸福感的潜在影响。
Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2021-9
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2021-5
Psychol Psychother. 2011-4-13
Lancet Psychiatry. 2015-4
Psychol Psychother. 2020-6
Child Adolesc Ment Health. 2024-2
J Child Adolesc Trauma. 2021-7-27
Clin Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2022-10
Zotero 插件