Jones R N
Clinical Microbiology Institute, Tualatin, Oregon.
Drugs. 1988;35 Suppl 7:17-26. doi: 10.2165/00003495-198800357-00005.
Sulbactam/ampicillin (Unasyn) possesses the antimicrobial activity of each drug plus the synergistic action and qualities of sulbactam used as a beta-lactamase inhibitor. The combination has a spectrum of activity against many Enterobacteriaceae, Haemophilus species, Branhamella catarrhalis, pathogenic Neisseria species, Acinetobacter anitratus, some pseudomonads, nearly all anaerobes (including Bacteroides), Staphylococcus species, streptococci, and the enterococci. Sulbactam/ampicillin was found to be bactericidal, and its minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) affected only by high inoculum concentrations (greater than 10(6) CFU/ml). Fixed ratio in vitro susceptibility tests appear to be preferred, since they best approximate clinical formulations and drug pharmacokinetics. The ratio of 1:1 has been studied, but other ratios such as 1:2 (sulbactam/ampicillin) should be evaluated to promote greater test accuracy. Separate interpretive criteria for most Gram-negative bacteria, Haemophilus, and staphylococci appear unnecessary for some tests.
舒巴坦/氨苄西林（优立新）兼具两种药物的抗菌活性，以及舒巴坦作为β-内酰胺酶抑制剂的协同作用和特性。该组合对多种肠杆菌科细菌、嗜血杆菌属、卡他布兰汉菌、致病性奈瑟菌属、硝酸盐不动杆菌、部分假单胞菌、几乎所有厌氧菌（包括拟杆菌属）、葡萄球菌属、链球菌和肠球菌具有抗菌谱。已发现舒巴坦/氨苄西林具有杀菌作用，其最低抑菌浓度（MIC）仅受高接种浓度（大于10⁶CFU/ml）影响。体外药敏试验中固定比例似乎更可取，因为它们最接近临床制剂和药物药代动力学。已对1:1的比例进行了研究，但其他比例如1:2（舒巴坦/氨苄西林）也应进行评估，以提高试验准确性。对于某些检测，大多数革兰氏阴性菌、嗜血杆菌和葡萄球菌的单独解释标准似乎并无必要。
