Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Center for Public Health, Medical University Vienna (MUW), Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
Villach District Hospital, Nikolaigasse 43, A-9500 Villach, Austria.
Vaccine. 2020 Jul 31;38(35):5695-5699. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2020.06.046. Epub 2020 Jul 9.
Health care workers (HCWs) are exposed to a high risk of infectious diseases at work, and of transmitting these to their patients and colleagues. Medical students constitute an important, yet neglected, group within HCW because of their contact with patients in the course of compulsory or voluntary practical training courses at health care institutions. The aim of this study was to determine the current vaccination status of medical students at the Medical University of Vienna and assess their attitudes towards occupationally indicated mandatory vaccinations for doctors and other HCW. Nearly 80% of the students considered mandatory vaccinations for doctors an appropriate measure and 88% would recommend them in settings involving immunocompromised patients. The acceptance of mandatory immunisation differs very markedly for individual vaccinations; it ranges from 82.8% for hepatitis B to 40% for influenza. The self-reported vaccination status among medical students was 90.1%, 89.9%, 88.1% and 84.4% for hepatitis B, tetanus, polio and hepatitis A, respectively. Inadequately low rates of 78%, 70.5% and 70.5%, and 28.7% were reported for MMR, varicella, pertussis and influenza (2014/15 season), respectively. CONCLUSION: The majority of medical students at the MUW had a positive attitude towards vaccinations and considered mandatory vaccinations for doctors and HCW an appropriate measure. However, the large majority of the vaccination rates are worthy of improvement.
医疗工作者（HCWs）在工作中面临着传染病感染的高风险，并可能将这些疾病传播给他们的患者和同事。医学生是 HCW 中一个重要但被忽视的群体，因为他们在医疗机构的必修或志愿实习课程中与患者接触。本研究旨在确定维也纳医科大学医学生的当前疫苗接种状况，并评估他们对医生和其他 HCW 职业性指示性强制接种疫苗的态度。近 80%的学生认为医生强制接种疫苗是一项适当的措施，88%的学生将在涉及免疫功能低下患者的环境中推荐接种疫苗。对个别疫苗的接受程度差异非常大；从乙型肝炎的 82.8%到流感的 40%不等。医学生自我报告的疫苗接种状况分别为乙型肝炎 90.1%、破伤风 89.9%、脊髓灰质炎 88.1%和甲型肝炎 84.4%。麻疹、风疹、百日咳和流感（2014/15 季节）的疫苗接种率分别为 78%、70.5%、70.5%和 28.7%，这一比例过低。结论：MUW 的大多数医学生对疫苗接种持积极态度，并认为医生和 HCW 的强制接种疫苗是一项适当的措施。然而，绝大多数疫苗接种率都有待提高。
