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加速印度尼西亚的伊斯兰慈善事业:社交媒体的作用及紧迫性

Accelerating Islamic charities in Indonesia: , and the immediacy of social media.

作者信息

Kailani Najib, Slama Martin

机构信息

School of Graduate Studies, State Islamic University Sunan Kalijaga, Yogyakarta, Indonesia.

Institute for Social Anthropology, Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna, Austria.

出版信息

South East Asia Res. 2019 Dec 4;28(1):70-86. doi: 10.1080/0967828X.2019.1691939. eCollection 2020.

Abstract

The article describes the latest developments of Islamic charities and their role as major non-state actors in Indonesia's field of social welfare. It considers debates about the practices of Islamic charity in colonial and post-colonial times when (obligatory almsgiving) was conceptualized as social welfare and as a tool for social justice or as an instrument to implement the post-colonial state's development goals. We examine the contemporary popularity of (voluntary almsgiving) among Indonesian middle-class Muslims and the rise of Islamic charities that specialize in programmes. These charities use social media to document their activities and to raise funds, and have changed the discourse of almsgiving. We argue that the temporal logic of acceleration increasingly informs the field of social welfare in Indonesia today. Islamic charities display their efficiency, transparency, and the material rewards that practices bring to donors. Today, Islamic charity is no longer primarily associated with social welfare and social justice but increasingly with economic gain. Accordingly, charities are concerned with accelerating their aid and its mediation, emphasizing immediacy in order to appeal to donors who demand a quick, unbureaucratic conversion of donations into concrete help, and an immediate material and spiritual return on their 'investment'.

摘要

本文描述了伊斯兰慈善机构的最新发展情况及其作为印度尼西亚社会福利领域主要非国家行为体的作用。文章探讨了殖民时期和后殖民时期围绕伊斯兰慈善实践的争论,当时(强制性慈善捐赠)被概念化为社会福利、社会正义的工具或后殖民国家实现发展目标的手段。我们研究了(自愿性慈善捐赠)在印度尼西亚中产阶级穆斯林中的当代流行程度,以及专门从事此类项目的伊斯兰慈善机构的兴起。这些慈善机构利用社交媒体记录其活动并筹集资金,改变了慈善捐赠的话语体系。我们认为,加速的时间逻辑如今越来越影响着印度尼西亚的社会福利领域。伊斯兰慈善机构展示了其效率、透明度以及慈善实践给捐赠者带来的物质回报。如今,伊斯兰慈善不再主要与社会福利和社会正义相关,而是越来越与经济收益挂钩。因此,慈善机构致力于加快援助及其调解过程,强调即时性,以吸引那些要求将捐赠迅速、无官僚作风地转化为具体帮助,并能立即获得物质和精神回报的捐赠者。

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