Nes M, Sem S W, Rousseau B, Bjørneboe G E, Engedal K, Trygg K, Pedersen J I
Section of Dietary Research, Institute for Nutrition Research, University of Oslo, Norway.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 1988 Jul;42(7):581-93.
A nutritional study was carried out of 16 independent-living elderly (9 women, 7 men) suffering from dementia and a control group matched for sex and age. The study consisted of interview (with participants or relatives/home helps), a 3-d weighed dietary record and biochemical determinations of blood components. No significant difference in mean daily energy intake between demented elderly (women 7.2 +/- 2.0 MJ, men 8.6 +/- 1.2 MJ) and controls (women 6.9 +/- 0.7 MJ, men 9.4 +/- 2.0 MJ) was found. The women with dementia had lower dietary intakes of protein (P less than 0.05), thiamin (P less than 0.05) and vitamin C (P less than 0.01) than female controls. For both sexes in both groups the nutrients most lacking were vitamin D and thiamin. Dietary supplements were more frequently used among elderly with dementia (50 per cent) than among controls (13 per cent) (P less than 0.05). Except for vitamin D, supplements did not reduce the number of demented elderly with low intakes (less than two-thirds of the recommendations) because generally those in most need were non-users. The demented elderly had lower levels of haemoglobin and folic acid (blood and plasma) (P less than 0.05) but better thiamin status (alpha-transketolase) than controls (P less than 0.05). No difference in mean levels of protein, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, vitamin E, vitamin B12 in serum was found. Individuals with blood or serum levels of nutrients below reference values were more frequently found among the demented elderly than among controls. In the dementia group 2 individuals with low levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D also had clinical evidence of osteomalacia.
对16名患有痴呆症且独立生活的老年人（9名女性，7名男性）以及与之性别和年龄匹配的对照组进行了一项营养研究。该研究包括访谈（与参与者或亲属/家庭护理人员）、为期3天的称重饮食记录以及血液成分的生化测定。结果发现，痴呆症老年人（女性7.2±2.0兆焦耳，男性8.6±1.2兆焦耳）与对照组（女性6.9±0.7兆焦耳，男性9.4±2.0兆焦耳）的平均每日能量摄入量没有显著差异。患有痴呆症的女性蛋白质（P<0.05）、硫胺素（P<0.05）和维生素C（P<0.01）的饮食摄入量低于女性对照组。两组中无论男女，最缺乏的营养素都是维生素D和硫胺素。痴呆症老年人（50%）比对照组（13%）更频繁地使用膳食补充剂（P<0.05）。除维生素D外，补充剂并未减少摄入量低（低于推荐量的三分之二）的痴呆症老年人数量，因为最需要补充剂的人通常不使用。痴呆症老年人的血红蛋白和叶酸（血液和血浆）水平较低（P<0.05），但硫胺素状态（α-转酮醇酶）比对照组好（P<0.05）。血清中蛋白质、25-羟基维生素D、维生素E、维生素B12的平均水平没有差异。与对照组相比，痴呆症老年人中营养物质血液或血清水平低于参考值的个体更为常见。在痴呆症组中，2名25-羟基维生素D水平低的个体也有骨软化症的临床证据。
