Department of Family Sciences, University of Kentucky, 316 Funkhouser Building, Lexington, KY, 40506, USA.
Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic.
Int J Public Health. 2020 Nov;65(8):1383-1392. doi: 10.1007/s00038-020-01425-z. Epub 2020 Jul 12.
The current study tested the extent to which the neighborhood context influenced Roma youth adjustment (internalizing and externalizing problems, and academic competence) and whether ethnicity moderated these links and explained unique variance.
Cross-sectional data were collected from 369 Roma and non-Roma early and middle adolescents.
Roma youth reported significantly lower SES, school grades, and academic aspirations. Perceived fear or concerns about neighborhood safety predicted all three internalizing problems, for both Roma and non-Roma adolescents; neighborhood acquaintanceship density and nighttime social activities predicted externalizing behaviors, for both ethnic groups; and finally, both ethnicity and nighttime social activities predicted school grades, while only ethnicity predicted academic aspirations. No significant by ethnicity interaction effects were found.
Roma youth reported lower grades and academic aspirations, but no mean level differences were found in internalizing or externalizing problems by ethnicity. On the other hand, neighborhood variables were important for both groups of youth, and with the exception of measures of academic competence, ethnicity did not explain unique variance. Thus, developmental processes, the links between neighborhood variables and measures of adjustment, were highly similar in Roma and non-Roma youth.
本研究旨在考察邻里环境对罗姆青年（内化和外化问题以及学业能力）调整的影响程度，以及种族是否调节这些关联并解释独特的差异。
从 369 名罗姆和非罗姆青少年中收集了横断面数据。
罗姆青年报告的社会经济地位、学校成绩和学业抱负明显较低。对邻里安全的感知恐惧或担忧预测了罗姆和非罗姆青少年的所有三种内化问题；邻里熟人密度和夜间社交活动预测了两个族群的外化行为；最后，种族和夜间社交活动都预测了学校成绩，而只有种族预测了学术抱负。没有发现显著的种族间相互作用效应。
罗姆青年报告的成绩和学业抱负较低，但在种族间没有发现内化或外化问题的平均水平差异。另一方面，邻里变量对两个青年群体都很重要，除了学业能力的衡量标准外，种族并没有解释独特的差异。因此，发展过程、邻里变量与调整措施之间的联系，在罗姆和非罗姆青年中非常相似。
