Department of Food Science and Technology, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
Nebraska Food for Health Center, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, 68588, USA.
Mol Nutr Food Res. 2020 Sep;64(17):e2000162. doi: 10.1002/mnfr.202000162. Epub 2020 Jul 26.
Previous studies have suggested that diets rich in omega-3 and low in omega-6 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) can limit the development of metabolic syndrome (MetS). Transgenic soybeans yielding oils enriched for omega-3 PUFAs represent a new and readily-available option for incorporating omega-3 PUFAs into diets to provide health benefits.
Transgenic soybean oils, enriched for either stearidonic acid (SDA) or eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), are incorporated into diets to test their effects on limiting the development of MetS in a mouse model of diet-induced obesity. Supplementation with SDA- but not EPA-enriched oils improved features of MetS compared to feeding a control wild-type oil. Because previous studies have linked the gut microorganism Akkermansia muciniphila to the metabolic effects of feeding omega-3 PUFAs, the causal contribution of A. muciniphila to mediating the metabolic benefits provided by SDA-enriched diets is investigated. Although A. muciniphila is not required for SDA-induced metabolic improvements, this microorganism does modulate levels of saturated and mono-unsaturated fatty acids in host adipose tissues.
Together, these findings support the utilization of SDA-enriched diets to modulate weight gain, glucose metabolism, and fatty acid profiles of liver and adipose tissue.
先前的研究表明，富含欧米伽-3 且欧米伽-6 长链多不饱和脂肪酸（PUFA）含量低的饮食可以限制代谢综合征（MetS）的发展。富含欧米伽-3 PUFA 的转基因大豆为将欧米伽-3 PUFA 纳入饮食以提供健康益处提供了一种新的、易于获得的选择。
将富含硬脂酸（SDA）或二十碳五烯酸（EPA）的转基因大豆油纳入饮食中，以测试其在饮食诱导肥胖的小鼠模型中限制 MetS 发展的作用。与喂养对照野生型油相比，补充 SDA-但不是 EPA-丰富的油可改善 MetS 的特征。由于先前的研究将肠道微生物阿克曼氏菌与喂养欧米伽-3 PUFA 的代谢作用联系起来，因此研究了阿克曼氏菌对介导 SDA 丰富饮食提供的代谢益处的因果贡献。尽管阿克曼氏菌不是 SDA 诱导代谢改善所必需的，但这种微生物确实调节了宿主脂肪组织中饱和和单不饱和脂肪酸的水平。
这些发现共同支持利用 SDA 丰富的饮食来调节体重增加、葡萄糖代谢以及肝脏和脂肪组织的脂肪酸谱。
