Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of California, Riverside, CA, 92521, USA.
Davis Genome Center, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA.
Sci Rep. 2017 Oct 2;7(1):12488. doi: 10.1038/s41598-017-12624-9.
Soybean oil consumption is increasing worldwide and parallels a rise in obesity. Rich in unsaturated fats, especially linoleic acid, soybean oil is assumed to be healthy, and yet it induces obesity, diabetes, insulin resistance, and fatty liver in mice. Here, we show that the genetically modified soybean oil Plenish, which came on the U.S. market in 2014 and is low in linoleic acid, induces less obesity than conventional soybean oil in C57BL/6 male mice. Proteomic analysis of the liver reveals global differences in hepatic proteins when comparing diets rich in the two soybean oils, coconut oil, and a low-fat diet. Metabolomic analysis of the liver and plasma shows a positive correlation between obesity and hepatic C18 oxylipin metabolites of omega-6 (ω6) and omega-3 (ω3) fatty acids (linoleic and α-linolenic acid, respectively) in the cytochrome P450/soluble epoxide hydrolase pathway. While Plenish induced less insulin resistance than conventional soybean oil, it resulted in hepatomegaly and liver dysfunction as did olive oil, which has a similar fatty acid composition. These results implicate a new class of compounds in diet-induced obesity-C18 epoxide and diol oxylipins.
大豆油的消费在全球范围内不断增加，与肥胖率的上升呈正相关。大豆油富含不饱和脂肪，特别是亚油酸，因此被认为是健康的，但它会导致肥胖、糖尿病、胰岛素抵抗和脂肪肝。在这里，我们发现 2014 年进入美国市场、亚油酸含量较低的转基因大豆油 Plenish ，在 C57BL/6 雄性小鼠中引起的肥胖程度低于传统大豆油。比较富含两种大豆油、椰子油和低脂肪饮食的肝脏蛋白质组学分析显示，肝脏蛋白质存在全球差异。肝脏和血浆的代谢组学分析表明，肥胖与细胞色素 P450/可溶性环氧化物水解酶途径中 ω6（亚油酸）和 ω3（α-亚麻酸）脂肪酸的 C18 氧化脂类代谢物呈正相关。虽然 Plenish 引起的胰岛素抵抗比传统大豆油少，但它会导致肝肿大和肝功能障碍，就像橄榄油一样，橄榄油具有相似的脂肪酸组成。这些结果表明，在饮食诱导的肥胖中存在一类新的化合物 - C18 环氧化物和二醇氧化脂类。
