Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy; Stazione Zoologica Anton Dohrn, 80121 Napoli, Italy.
Department of Life Sciences, University of Trieste, 34127 Trieste, Italy.
Mar Pollut Bull. 2020 Aug;157:111317. doi: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2020.111317. Epub 2020 Jun 5.
This review critically analyses >200 papers collected by searching on Pubmed the word "nanoplastics", a group of emerging contaminants which are receiving growing attention. The present review intends to provide an overview of current knowledge on nanoplastic pollution starting with the theory of polymer degradation, passing to laboratory confirmation of nanoplastic formation and ending with the possible occurrence in sea water samples. Most of the observations proposed focus the attention on polystyrene (PS) because the majority of research knowledge is based on this polymer. Moreover, we thoroughly describe what effects have been observed on different organisms tested in controlled conditions. Nanoplastics formation, fate and toxicity seem to be a very dynamic phenomenon. In light of this, we identify some aspects retained crucial when an ecotoxicological study with nanoplastics is performed and which elements of nanoplastics toxicity could be deeper covered.
这篇综述批判性地分析了在 Pubmed 上搜索“纳米塑料”一词时收集的>200 篇论文，纳米塑料是一组新兴的污染物，越来越受到关注。本综述旨在提供纳米塑料污染的当前知识概述，从聚合物降解理论开始，到实验室确认纳米塑料的形成结束，最后是海水样本中可能的出现。提出的大多数观察结果都集中在聚苯乙烯（PS）上，因为大多数研究知识都是基于这种聚合物。此外，我们还详细描述了在受控条件下测试的不同生物体上观察到的影响。纳米塑料的形成、命运和毒性似乎是一个非常动态的现象。有鉴于此，我们确定了在进行纳米塑料的生态毒理学研究时保留的一些关键方面，以及纳米塑料毒性的哪些方面可以更深入地涵盖。
