Departamento de Audiologia, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTeSC-Coimbra Health School, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal.
LABINSAÚDE-Laboratório de Investigação em Ciências Aplicadas à Saúde, Instituto Politécnico de Coimbra, ESTeSC, 3046-854 Coimbra, Portugal.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 9;17(14):4944. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144944.
Impairment in speech perception is a common feature of older adults. This study aimed at evaluating the acute and sub-acute (after three months) effects of auditory training on central auditory processing in older people with hearing loss.
A nonrandomized study was conducted enrolling 15 older adults with hearing loss and an average age of 78.6 ± 10.9 years. All participants underwent a baseline otoscopy, tympanogram, audiogram and speech-in-noise test with a signal-noise ratio (SNR) of 10 and 15 dB. Afterwards, auditory training intervention was implemented consisting of 10 training sessions over 5 weeks. Participants were divided into two groups: group 1 (G1) underwent auditory training based on a speech-in-noise test; group 2 (G2) underwent a filtered-speech test. Auditory processing was evaluated at baseline (T0) immediately after the intervention (T1) and 3 months after the intervention (T2).
Group 1 were quite efficient regardless of the SNR in the right ear with statistically significant differences from T0 to T1 ( = 0.003 and = 0.006 for 10 dB and 15 dB, respectively) and T0 to T2 ( = 0.011 and 0.015 for 10 dB and 15 dB, respectively). As for the left ear, the increase of success was statistically significant for the SNR of 10 dB and 15 dB from T0 to T1 ( = 0.001 and = 0.014, respectively) and from T0 to T2 ( = 0.016 and = 0.003). In G2, there was a significant variation only from T0 for T1 in the left ear for an SNR of 10 dB ( = 0.001).
Speech perception in noise significantly improved after auditory training in old adults.
言语感知障碍是老年人的常见特征。本研究旨在评估听觉训练对听力损失老年人的中枢听觉处理的急性和亚急性（三个月后）影响。
本研究为非随机研究，纳入了 15 名平均年龄为 78.6 ± 10.9 岁的听力损失老年人。所有参与者均进行了基线耳镜检查、鼓室图、听力图和言语噪声比（SNR）为 10 和 15 dB 的噪声下言语测试。之后，实施听觉训练干预，包括 5 周内的 10 次训练。参与者分为两组：第 1 组（G1）根据噪声下言语测试进行听觉训练；第 2 组（G2）进行滤过言语测试。在基线（T0）、干预后即刻（T1）和干预后 3 个月（T2）评估听觉处理。
第 1 组无论右耳 SNR 如何，效率都很高，与 T0 到 T1（分别为 0.003 和 0.006，SNR 为 10 和 15 dB）和 T0 到 T2（分别为 0.011 和 0.015，SNR 为 10 和 15 dB）相比，差异均有统计学意义。对于左耳，在 SNR 为 10 和 15 dB 时，T0 到 T1（分别为 0.001 和 0.014）和 T0 到 T2（分别为 0.016 和 0.003）的成功率增加具有统计学意义。在 G2 中，仅在左耳 SNR 为 10 dB 时，从 T0 到 T1 观察到差异有统计学意义（ = 0.001）。
听觉训练后，老年人噪声下言语感知显著改善。
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