Blake A J, Morgan K, Bendall M J, Dallosso H, Ebrahim S B, Arie T H, Fentem P H, Bassey E J
Department of Health, Medical School, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham.
Age Ageing. 1988 Nov;17(6):365-72. doi: 10.1093/ageing/17.6.365.
Of 1042 individuals aged 65 years and over who were successfully interviewed in a community survey of health and physical activity, 35% (n = 356) reported one or more falls in the preceding year. Although the overall ratio of female fallers to male fallers was 2.7:1, this ratio approached unity with advancing age. Mobility was significantly impaired in those reporting falls. Asked to provide a reason for their falls, 53% reported tripping, 8% dizziness and 6% reported blackouts. A further 19% were unable to give a reason. There was no association between falls and the use of diuretics, antihypertensives or tranquilizers, but a significant association between falls and the use of hypnotics and antidepressants was found. Discriminant analysis of selected medical and anthropometric variables indicated that handgrip strength in the dominant hand and reported symptoms of arthritis, giddiness and foot difficulties were most influential in predicting reports of recent falls.
在一项关于健康与身体活动的社区调查中，成功接受访谈的1042名65岁及以上的个体中，35%（n = 356）报告在前一年发生过一次或多次跌倒。尽管女性跌倒者与男性跌倒者的总体比例为2.7:1，但随着年龄增长，这一比例接近1。报告跌倒的人的行动能力明显受损。当被要求说明跌倒原因时，53%的人报告是绊倒，8%是头晕，6%是昏厥。另有19%的人无法给出原因。跌倒与使用利尿剂、抗高血压药或镇静剂之间没有关联，但发现跌倒与使用催眠药和抗抑郁药之间存在显著关联。对选定的医学和人体测量变量进行判别分析表明，优势手的握力以及报告的关节炎、头晕和足部问题症状对预测近期跌倒报告的影响最大。
