Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographical Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China.
University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 10;17(14):4978. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17144978.
Trace elements such as selenium (Se) and zinc (Zn) are essential elements in the human body, while cadmium (Cd) has no physiological function. A high proportion of people consume dietary supplements to enhance the performance of the body or alter the nutrient contents within the body. Therefore, this study was conducted to evaluate the interaction effects of several popular dietary supplements on the bioaccessibility of Se, Zn and Cd in rice with the hope of identifying dietary supplements that can increase rice Se and Zn bioaccessibility but decrease rice Cd bioaccessibility. The results from in vitro gastrointestinal simulation tests showed that the bioaccessibility of these elements in rice was in the order of Cd (52.07%) > Zn (36.63%) > Se (10.19%) during the gastric phase and Zn (26.82%) > Cd (18.72%) > Se (14.70%) during the intestinal phase. The bioaccessibility of Se during the intestinal phase was greater than that during the gastric phase, and the bioaccessibility of Zn and Cd were the opposite. The bioaccessibility of Se significantly increased in response to vitamin C (VC), vitamin E (VE), vitamin B6 (VB6) and vitamin B9 (VB9), especially VC, which also increased the bioaccessibility of Zn and decreased that of Cd. Procyanidins (OPC), methionine (Met) and coenzyme Q10 (Q10) significantly reduced the bioaccessibility of Se. These results suggest that the reasonable use of dietary supplements can effectively regulate the in vivo contents of trace elements, which provide valuable information for developing health interventions to address problems for specific people, especially selenium-deficient people.
微量元素如硒（Se）和锌（Zn）是人体必需的元素，而镉（Cd）则没有生理功能。许多人会服用膳食补充剂来提高身体机能或改变体内营养成分。因此，本研究旨在评估几种常见膳食补充剂对大米中硒、锌和镉生物可给性的交互作用，以期找到既能增加大米中硒和锌的生物可给性，又能降低大米中镉生物可给性的膳食补充剂。体外胃肠模拟试验结果表明，在胃阶段，这些元素在大米中的生物可给性顺序为 Cd（52.07%）>Zn（36.63%）>Se（10.19%），在肠阶段为 Zn（26.82%）>Cd（18.72%）>Se（14.70%）。肠阶段硒的生物可给性大于胃阶段，而锌和镉的生物可给性则相反。维生素 C（VC）、维生素 E（VE）、维生素 B6（VB6）和维生素 B9（VB9）能显著增加硒在肠阶段的生物可给性，尤其是 VC，同时也能增加锌的生物可给性并降低镉的生物可给性。原花青素（OPC）、蛋氨酸（Met）和辅酶 Q10（Q10）则显著降低硒的生物可给性。这些结果表明，合理使用膳食补充剂可以有效调节体内微量元素含量，为开发针对特定人群（特别是缺硒人群）的健康干预措施提供有价值的信息。
