Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Medical University of Sofia, Sofia, Bulgaria.
Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2020 Jun 30;62(2):253-257. doi: 10.3897/folmed.62.e47722.
Multifactorial nature of chronic periodontitis is well known. The data indicate that the bacteria of subgingival biofilm (with their presence at high levels, too), as well as the immune response of the organism, genetic components and environmental factors play a significant role in the development of periodontal destructive disease. On the one hand the strong relationship between microorganisms from the "red complex" has been proved. On the other hand the initiation and progression of chronic periodontitis has been verified, as well. The presence of bacterial metabolic products and other substances (lipopolysaccharides, enzymes and toxins) results in increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and release of active agents leading to the development of a local tissue lesion. Thus, the negative (destructive) side of the immune response is expressed and associated with the immunopathological nature of periodontitis. Literary data testify the importance of interleukin-8 (IL-8) in regulating the inflammatory response to bacterial infection and suggest its association with susceptibility to periodontitis.
慢性牙周炎的多因素性质是众所周知的。有数据表明，龈下生物膜中的细菌（以及高水平的细菌存在）、机体的免疫反应、遗传成分和环境因素在牙周破坏性病损的发展中起重要作用。一方面，已经证明了“红色复合体”中的微生物之间存在很强的关系。另一方面，也验证了慢性牙周炎的起始和进展。细菌代谢产物和其他物质（脂多糖、酶和毒素）的存在导致促炎细胞因子的表达增加和活性物质的释放，从而导致局部组织损伤的发展。因此，免疫反应的消极（破坏性）方面得到了表达，并与牙周炎的免疫病理性质有关。文献数据证明了白细胞介素-8（IL-8）在调节对细菌感染的炎症反应中的重要性，并表明其与牙周炎易感性有关。
