Singh Vijay Pratap, Khandelwal Bidita
Department of Physiotherapy, Kasturba Medical College, Mangalore, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Karnataka, India.
Professor of Medicine, Sikkim Manipal University, Sikkim Manipal Institute of Medical Sciences, Gangtok, Sikkim, India.
Int J Yoga. 2020 May-Aug;13(2):144-151. doi: 10.4103/ijoy.IJOY_45_19. Epub 2020 May 1.
Type 2 diabetes has been strongly associated with psychosocial factors such as stress, anxiety, depression, and quality of life (QOL). There is not much evidence whether yoga can improve these factors and motivate individuals to engage in active lifestyle.
This study aims to evaluate the effect of yoga and exercise over glycemic control, anxiety, depression, exercise self-efficacy (ESE), and QOL after 3-month program.
Two hundred and twenty-seven individuals were randomly allocated to yoga group (YG) and exercise group. YG practiced yoga for 2 weeks under supervision and then carried out practice at home for 3 months. The exercise group practiced 30 min of brisk walking for 5 days a week.
On comparison among the groups, in YG, there was a mean change of 0.47 in glycated hemoglobin which was greater than mean reduction of 0.28 in the exercise group with < 0.05. State anxiety reduced by 7.8 and trait anxiety reduced by 4.4 in YG ( < 0.05) in 3 months as compared to nonsignificant reductions of 3 and 1 in mean of state and trait anxiety scores in the exercise group ( > 0.05). There was a statistically significant reduction in depression score in both the groups, 8.6 in yoga and 4.0 in exercise, which was greater in YG. ESE improved by 19.2 in YG ( < 0.05), whereas it improved only 2.2 in the exercise group ( > 0.05). QOL improved by 23.7 in YG and 3.0 in the exercise group which was nonsignificant in the exercise group as compared to YG.
Yoga is superior to exercise alone as a lifestyle modification program in improving glycemic control, anxiety, depression, and QOL as well as ESE.
2型糖尿病与心理社会因素如压力、焦虑、抑郁和生活质量（QOL）密切相关。关于瑜伽是否能改善这些因素并促使个体养成积极的生活方式，证据并不多。
本研究旨在评估为期3个月的瑜伽和运动对血糖控制、焦虑、抑郁、运动自我效能（ESE）和生活质量的影响。
227名个体被随机分配到瑜伽组（YG）和运动组。YG在监督下进行了2周的瑜伽练习，然后在家中进行3个月的练习。运动组每周5天进行30分钟的快走。
组间比较显示，YG糖化血红蛋白平均变化为0.47，大于运动组平均降低的0.28，P<0.05。3个月内，YG的状态焦虑降低了7.8，特质焦虑降低了4.4（P<0.05），而运动组状态和特质焦虑评分均值分别仅降低了3和1，无统计学意义（P>0.05）。两组抑郁评分均有统计学显著降低，瑜伽组降低8.6，运动组降低4.0，YG降低幅度更大。YG的ESE提高了19.2（P<0.05），而运动组仅提高了2.2（P>0.05）。YG的生活质量提高了23.7，运动组提高了3.0，与YG相比，运动组无统计学意义。
作为一种生活方式改善方案，瑜伽在改善血糖控制、焦虑、抑郁、生活质量以及运动自我效能方面优于单纯运动。
