Lukiw Walter J
Bollinger Professor of Alzheimer's Disease, Louisiana State University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA, United States.
LSU Neuroscience Center, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, United States.
Front Neurol. 2020 Jun 25;11:462. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00462. eCollection 2020.
The mouse- and human-brain-resident, nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB)-regulated, micro RNA-146a-5p (miRNA-146a-5p) is an inducible, 22-nucleotide, single-stranded non-coding RNA (sncRNA) easily detected in several brain and immunological cell types, and an important epigenetic modulator of inflammatory signaling and the innate-immune response in several neurological disorders. Among all studied microRNAs, miRNA-146a-5p (typically referred to as just miRNA-146a) has been well characterized and its pathological function in progressive, age-related, and lethal human inflammatory neurodegenerative disease states is well documented. This communication will review our current understanding of miRNA-146a, its induction by the NF-kB-stimulating actions of inflammatory mediators, including the secretory products of certain microbial species such as viral vectors, and Gram-negative bacteria (such as ) that are normal residents of the human gastrointestinal (GI) tract microbiome, and how miRNA-146a appears to contribute to neuro-pathological, neuro-inflammatory, and altered neuro-immunological aspects of both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and prion disease (PrD).
小鼠和人脑中驻留的、由核因子κB（NF-κB）调控的微小RNA-146a-5p（miRNA-146a-5p）是一种可诱导的、22个核苷酸的单链非编码RNA（sncRNA），在几种脑和免疫细胞类型中易于检测到，并且是几种神经疾病中炎症信号传导和先天免疫反应的重要表观遗传调节剂。在所有研究的微小RNA中，miRNA-146a-5p（通常简称为miRNA-146a）已得到充分表征，其在进行性、年龄相关性和致命性人类炎症性神经退行性疾病状态中的病理功能也有充分记录。本通讯将综述我们目前对miRNA-146a的理解，它由炎症介质的NF-κB刺激作用诱导，这些炎症介质包括某些微生物物种（如病毒载体）以及作为人类胃肠道（GI）微生物群正常驻留菌的革兰氏阴性菌（如 ）的分泌产物，以及miRNA-146a似乎如何促成阿尔茨海默病（AD）和朊病毒病（PrD）的神经病理、神经炎症和神经免疫改变方面。
