微小 RNA：阿尔茨海默病发病机制、诊断和治疗的先驱调控因子。
MicroRNAs: pioneering regulators in Alzheimer's disease pathogenesis, diagnosis, and therapy.
机构信息
Center on Translational Neuroscience, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
Institute of National Security, Minzu University of China, Beijing, China.
出版信息
Transl Psychiatry. 2024 Sep 10;14(1):367. doi: 10.1038/s41398-024-03075-8.
This article delves into Alzheimer's disease (AD), a prevalent neurodegenerative condition primarily affecting the elderly. It is characterized by progressive memory and cognitive impairments, severely disrupting daily life. Recent research highlights the potential involvement of microRNAs in the pathogenesis of AD. MicroRNAs (MiRNAs), short non-coding RNAs comprising 20-24 nucleotides, significantly influence gene regulation by hindering translation or promoting degradation of target genes. This review explores the role of specific miRNAs in AD progression, focusing on their impact on β-amyloid (Aβ) peptide accumulation, intracellular aggregation of hyperphosphorylated tau proteins, mitochondrial dysfunction, neuroinflammation, oxidative stress, and the expression of the APOE4 gene. Our insights contribute to understanding AD's pathology, offering new avenues for identifying diagnostic markers and developing novel therapeutic targets.
本文深入探讨了阿尔茨海默病（AD），这是一种常见的神经退行性疾病，主要影响老年人。它的特征是进行性记忆和认知障碍，严重扰乱了日常生活。最近的研究强调了 microRNAs 在 AD 发病机制中的潜在作用。microRNAs（miRNAs）是由 20-24 个核苷酸组成的短非编码 RNA，通过抑制翻译或促进靶基因降解，显著影响基因调控。本综述探讨了特定 miRNAs 在 AD 进展中的作用，重点关注它们对β-淀粉样肽（Aβ）积累、过度磷酸化 tau 蛋白的细胞内聚集、线粒体功能障碍、神经炎症、氧化应激以及 APOE4 基因表达的影响。我们的见解有助于理解 AD 的病理学，为鉴定诊断标志物和开发新的治疗靶点提供了新的途径。
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