Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, VA, USA.
IISE Trans Occup Ergon Hum Factors. 2020 Apr-Jun;8(2):88-98. doi: 10.1080/24725838.2020.1793825. Epub 2020 Jul 21.
Occupational Applications Manual material handlers performing stocking tasks spent substantial amounts of time in bent postures but used traditional stoops and squats infrequently. Instead, they often used split-legged stoops and squats, where one foot is further forward than the other, and one-legged ("golfer's") lifts. During object manipulation, the distance workers reached away from their body, and the height at which they manipulated objects, were correlated with the posture used by the worker. Workers also stayed in different postures for different lengths of time. It is likely that certain postures are more comfortable for the workers to remain in, provide additional mobility or operational radius, or require less energy to use. Understanding these factors in more detail could lead to improved worker training programs, where the postures taught not only have low injury risk but are comfortable so are actually adopted and used by the workers.
从事上架工作的作业员在工作中长时间保持弯腰姿势，但很少采用传统的蹲姿或深蹲。相反，他们经常采用分腿蹲姿和单腿蹲姿（“高尔夫式”）。在搬运物体时，工人身体伸展的距离以及操纵物体的高度与工人采用的姿势有关。工人还会根据需要保持不同的姿势，时间长短也各不相同。某些姿势可能更让工人感到舒适，或者提供更大的机动性或操作半径，或者使用起来需要更少的能量。更详细地了解这些因素可能会导致改进工人培训计划，所教授的姿势不仅受伤风险低，而且舒适，因此实际上会被工人采用和使用。
