Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
Veterinary Diagnostic and Production Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, Iowa, United States of America.
PLoS One. 2020 Jul 16;15(7):e0236062. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0236062. eCollection 2020.
Influenza A viruses of swine (IAV-S) are a global zoonotic and economic concern. Primary control is through vaccination yet a formal evidence map summarizing vaccine research conducted in pigs is not available.
Ten characteristics of English language primary IAV-S vaccine research, conducted at the level of the pig or higher, were charted to identify research gaps, topics for systematic review, and coverage across different publication types.
Six online databases and grey literature were searched, without geographic, population, or study type restrictions, and abstracts screened independently and in duplicate for relevant research published between 1990 and May 2018. Full text data was charted by a single reviewer.
Over 11,000 unique citations were screened, identifying 376 for charting, including 175 proceedings from 60 conferences, and 170 journal articles from 51 journals. Reported outcomes were heterogeneous with measures of immunity (86%, n = 323) and virus detection (65%, n = 246) reported far more than production metrics (9%, n = 32). Study of transmissibility under conditions of natural exposure (n = 7), use of mathematical modelling (n = 11), and autogenous vaccine research reported in journals (n = 7), was limited.
Most research used challenge trials (n = 219) and may have poor field relevance or suitability for systematic review if the purpose is to inform clinical decisions. Literature on vaccinated breeding herds (n = 89) and weaned pigs (n = 136) is potentially sufficient for systematic review. Research under field conditions is limited, disproportionately reported in conference proceedings versus journal articles, and may be insufficient to support systematic review.
猪源甲型流感病毒（IAV-S）是一种全球性的人畜共患病和经济关注点。主要的控制方法是通过疫苗接种，但目前尚无关于猪源 IAV-S 疫苗研究的正式证据图谱来总结疫苗研究。
本研究旨在通过图表形式呈现 10 个英语语言的猪源 IAV-S 疫苗研究特征，以确定研究空白、系统综述的主题以及不同出版物类型的覆盖范围，从而识别研究空白、系统综述的主题和不同出版物类型的覆盖范围。
本研究无地域、人群或研究类型限制，检索了 6 个在线数据库和灰色文献，并对 1990 年至 2018 年 5 月期间发表的相关研究进行了独立和重复的摘要筛选。由一名评审员对全文数据进行图表绘制。
共筛选出超过 11000 篇独特的引文，其中有 376 篇被纳入图表绘制，包括 60 次会议的 175 篇会议记录，以及 51 种期刊的 170 篇期刊文章。报道的结果具有异质性，免疫措施（86%，n=323）和病毒检测（65%，n=246）的报道远远多于生产指标（9%，n=32）。在自然暴露条件下的传播性研究（n=7）、数学建模的使用（n=11）和期刊报道的同源疫苗研究（n=7）都很有限。
大多数研究采用了攻毒试验（n=219），如果目的是为临床决策提供信息，那么这些研究可能在现场相关性或系统综述适用性方面存在不足。关于接种繁殖猪群（n=89）和断奶猪（n=136）的文献可能足以进行系统综述。现场条件下的研究有限，与期刊文章相比，更多地在会议记录中报道，可能不足以支持系统综述。
