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估算德里地区大气颗粒物结合金属的实际暴露剂量和器官风险的季节性变化。

Estimating seasonal variations of realistic exposure doses and risks to organs due to ambient particulate matter -bound metals of Delhi.

机构信息

Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.

Kusuma School of Biological Sciences, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, India.

出版信息

Chemosphere. 2020 Dec;260:127451. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.127451. Epub 2020 Jul 1.

Abstract

This study aims to calculate deposition of PM -bound hazardous metals in different organs after inhalation of particulate matter for the Delhi (India), and to estimate risks to organs following inhalation. Bio-accessible fractions of three PM-associated carcinogenic metals (As, Pb &Cd) were calculated using the metal values in simulated lung fluids. Depositions of metals in different organs were calculated using an integrated model consists of HRT and PBPK models. The calculation indicates that the major or significant deposition of metal Pb occurs in tissues, such as bone, muscle and blood. Most of the depositions of Cd happens in lung whereas most of the depositions of As happens in lung, muscle and skin. Most of the deposition of studied metals was found in lung (45% for arsenic and 70% for cadmium of their bio -dissolved contents). The following order of depositions of metals in different tissues were found (from highest deposition to smallest deposition): As: Lung > muscle = liver; Pb: bone > blood > muscle; Cd: lung > intestine. The combined exposures of PM and its associated metals were found to give interaction-based hazard index greater than 1 for several months of the year, indicating a chance of health risk. Hazard quotient (HQ) <1 was seen for ingestion and dermal pathways, indicating no cause of concern. Findings indicate the need for doing periodic monitoring and estimating deposition doses and exposure risks of PM-associated metals to lungs and other organs for protecting human health.

摘要

本研究旨在计算吸入德里(印度)颗粒物后 PM 结合的有害金属在不同器官中的沉积,并估计吸入后对器官的风险。使用模拟肺液中的金属值计算了三种与 PM 相关的致癌金属(As、Pb 和 Cd)的生物可利用分数。使用由 HRT 和 PBPK 模型组成的综合模型计算了金属在不同器官中的沉积。计算表明,金属 Pb 的主要或显著沉积发生在骨骼、肌肉和血液等组织中。大部分 Cd 沉积发生在肺部,而大部分 As 沉积发生在肺部、肌肉和皮肤。研究金属的大部分沉积都在肺部(砷的 45%和镉的 70%为其生物溶解含量)。发现不同组织中金属沉积的顺序如下(从最高沉积到最小沉积):As:肺>肌肉=肝脏;Pb:骨骼>血液>肌肉;Cd:肺>肠道。发现 PM 及其相关金属的联合暴露在一年中的几个月中产生基于相互作用的危害指数大于 1,表明存在健康风险的机会。经口和皮肤途径的危害商(HQ)<1,表明没有关注的理由。研究结果表明,需要定期监测和评估 PM 相关金属对肺部和其他器官的沉积剂量和暴露风险,以保护人类健康。

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