Zhejiang Provincial Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Binsheng Road 3399, Hangzhou 310051, China.
Hangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Mingshi Road 568, Hangzhou 310021, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018 Mar 24;15(4):583. doi: 10.3390/ijerph15040583.
The spatiotemporal characteristics and human health risks of 12 heavy metals (Al, As, Be, Cd, Cr, Hg, Mn, Ni, Pb, Sb, Se, and Tl) in fine particulate matter (PM) in Zhejiang Province were investigated. The annual average PM concentration was 58.83 µg/m³ in 2015 in Zhejiang. Element contents in PM varied greatly with the season and locations. Al, Pb, and Mn were the most abundant elements among the studied metal(loid)s in PM. The non-carcinogenic risks of the 12 elements through inhalation and dermal contact exposure were lower than the safe level for children and adults. However, there were potential non-carcinogenic risks of Tl, As, and Sb for children and Tl for adults through ingestion exposure. The carcinogenic risks from As, Be, Cd, Cr, Pb, and Ni through inhalation exposure were less than the acceptable level (1 × 10) for children and adults. Pb may carry a potential carcinogenic risk for both children and adults through ingestion. More attention should be paid to alleviate non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks posed by particle-bound toxic elements through ingestion exposure.
研究了浙江省细颗粒物（PM）中 12 种重金属（Al、As、Be、Cd、Cr、Hg、Mn、Ni、Pb、Sb、Se 和 Tl）的时空特征及对人体健康的风险。2015 年浙江省 PM 年平均浓度为 58.83µg/m³。PM 中元素含量随季节和地点差异较大。在研究的 PM 金属（类）元素中，Al、Pb 和 Mn 是最丰富的元素。通过吸入和皮肤接触暴露，12 种元素的非致癌风险均低于儿童和成人的安全水平。然而，通过摄食暴露，Tl、As 和 Sb 对儿童存在潜在的非致癌风险，Tl 对成人存在潜在的非致癌风险。通过吸入暴露，As、Be、Cd、Cr、Pb 和 Ni 的致癌风险均低于儿童和成人可接受水平（1×10）。通过摄食，Pb 可能对儿童和成人都具有潜在致癌风险。应更加关注通过摄食暴露减轻颗粒结合有毒元素引起的非致癌和致癌健康风险。
