接触被归类为生殖毒性物质的烟草成分导致生育力受损的风险评估
Risk Assessment of Impairment of Fertility Due to Exposure to Tobacco Constituents Classified as Reprotoxicants.
作者信息
Estevan Carmen, Báez-Barroso Gabriela A, Vilanova Eugenio, Sogorb Miguel A
机构信息
Departamento de Biología Aplicada, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain.
Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Avenida de la Universidad s/n, 03202 Elche, Spain.
出版信息
Toxics. 2025 Mar 23;13(4):234. doi: 10.3390/toxics13040234.
BACKGROUND
Epidemiological studies demonstrate that exposure to tobacco causes infertility. A reference cigarette contains up to 47 chemicals above the quantification level, of which acrylamide, benzopyrene, cadmium, ethylene oxide and lead are classified as known (category 1A), presumed (category 1B) or suspected (category 2) human reproductive toxicants due to their effects on fertility and sexual function.
METHODS
We collected toxicological information on these substances to establish their respective systemic-derived no-effect levels (internal doses predicted not to alter fertility). We also estimated the systemic exposure to these four substances by smokers consuming 20 cigarettes per day.
RESULTS
The risks (ratios between exposure and safe dose) were 0.23, 0.06, 0.18, 0.01 and 0.00002 for acrylamide, benzopyrene, cadmium, ethylene oxide and lead, respectively. The combined risk was 0.48.
CONCLUSIONS
It was concluded that the changes in fertility resulting from the consumption of the substances in tobacco classified as toxic to fertility could not be explained by mechanisms with a toxicity threshold attributable to these five substances. No safe dose could be derived for tobacco use in persons seeking pregnancy; this applied to both active and passive smokers.
背景
流行病学研究表明，接触烟草会导致不孕。一支参比香烟含有多达47种高于定量水平的化学物质，其中丙烯酰胺、苯并芘、镉、环氧乙烷和铅由于对生育能力和性功能的影响，被归类为已知（1A类）、推定（1B类）或疑似（2类）人类生殖毒物。
方法
我们收集了这些物质的毒理学信息，以确定它们各自的全身衍生无效应水平（预计不会改变生育能力的内部剂量）。我们还估计了每天吸食20支香烟的吸烟者对这四种物质的全身暴露量。
结果
丙烯酰胺、苯并芘、镉、环氧乙烷和铅的风险（暴露量与安全剂量之比）分别为0.23、0.06、0.18、0.01和0.00002。综合风险为0.48。
结论
得出的结论是，烟草中归类为对生育有毒的物质消费导致的生育能力变化，无法用这五种物质具有毒性阈值的机制来解释。对于寻求怀孕的人来说，无法得出安全的烟草使用剂量；这适用于主动吸烟者和被动吸烟者。
Zotero 插件