The Differential Phosphorylation-Dependent Signaling and Glucose Immunometabolic Responses Induced during Infection by Enteritidis and Heidelberg in Chicken Macrophage-like cells.

is a burden to the poultry, health, and food safety industries, resulting in illnesses, food contamination, and recalls. subspecies Enteritidis ( Enteritidis) is one of the most prevalent serotypes isolated from poultry. subspecies Heidelberg ( Heidelberg), which is becoming as prevalent as Enteritidis, is one of the five most isolated serotypes. Although Enteritidis and Heidelberg are almost genetically identical, they both are capable of inducing different immune and metabolic responses in host cells to successfully establish an infection. Therefore, using the kinome peptide array, we demonstrated that Enteritidis and Heidelberg infections induced differential phosphorylation of peptides on Rho proteins, caspases, toll-like receptors, and other proteins involved in metabolic- and immune-related signaling of HD11 chicken macrophages. Metabolic flux assays measuring extracellular acidification rate (ECAR) and oxygen consumption rate (OCR) demonstrated that Enteritidis at 30 min postinfection (p.i.) increased glucose metabolism, while Heidelberg at 30 min p.i. decreased glucose metabolism. Enteritidis is more invasive than Heidelberg. These results show different immunometabolic responses of HD11 macrophages to Enteritidis and Heidelberg infections.