Cicirelli V G
Department of Psychological Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907.
Psychol Aging. 1987 Jun;2(2):138-43. doi: 10.1037//0882-7974.2.2.138.
Felton and Kahana's (1974) conclusion that patients with external locus of control beliefs were better adjusted in institutions was reexamined in a high-constraint acute-care hospital. Subjects were 105 patients aged 60-93. The Multidimensional Health Locus of Control (MHLC) scales were used to measure of locus of control, and eight staff-rating items measured hospital adjustment. Also, the Loss of Independence subscale of the Hospital Stress Rating Scale was used to indicate perceived institutional constraint. The three MHLC scales correlated weakly (p less than .05) with adjustment (Internality, -.24; Externality-Powerful Others, .22; Externality-Chance, -.22), and each contributed significantly in multiple regression (R = .48). Those patients who perceived greater constraint were more poorly adjusted (r = -.24). Those with stronger beliefs that powerful others control health outcomes perceived less constraint in the hospital situation (r = -.19), whereas those with stronger internal control beliefs perceived greater constraint (r = .29). Beliefs in chance were unrelated. Findings are related to concepts of primary and secondary control.
费尔顿和卡哈纳（1974年）得出结论，即内控点信念外在的患者在机构中适应得更好，这一结论在一家高约束性的急症护理医院中得到了重新审视。研究对象为105名年龄在60至93岁之间的患者。使用多维健康控制点（MHLC）量表来测量控制点，并通过八个员工评级项目来衡量医院适应情况。此外，医院压力评定量表的独立性丧失分量表被用来表明感知到的机构约束。三个MHLC量表与适应情况的相关性较弱（p小于0.05）（内控性，-0.24；外控性——有势力的他人，0.22；外控性——机遇，-0.22），并且在多元回归中每个量表都有显著贡献（R = 0.48）。那些感知到更大约束的患者适应得更差（r = -0.24）。那些更坚信有势力的他人控制健康结果的患者在医院环境中感知到的约束较少（r = -0.19），而那些内控信念更强的患者感知到的约束更大（r = 0.29）。对机遇的信念则没有关联。研究结果与初级控制和次级控制的概念相关。
