Department of Polymeric Materials, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 4800 Caoan Road, Shanghai 201804, China.
State Key Laboratory of High-Efficiency Utilization of Coal and Green Chemical Engineering, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ningxia University, Yinchuan 750021, China.
J Control Release. 2020 Oct 10;326:365-386. doi: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2020.07.018. Epub 2020 Jul 17.
Inspired by cell membrane structures, synthetic polymer vesicles caused great expectations for the preparation of biomedicine for decades. However, in contrast to bio-membranes, which consist of inhomogeneous features, conventional synthetic polymer vesicles usually consist of a homogeneous membrane which is purely made out of hydrophobic components. This significantly limited the versatility of synthetic polymer vesicle membranes. Fortunately, polymer vesicles with inhomogeneous membranes were recently developed to address this limitation. These new inhomogeneous membrane features introduced secondary functions to the vesicle membrane. Indeed, the membrane of polymer vesicles no longer only serves as a simple barrier that separates the interior from the exterior environment. Introduced membrane features can act as a versatile platform for tailorable nanoparticle functionalities, which allow functions such as biomacromolecule transportation, diabetes treatment, and cancer theranostics. This review highlights recent advances made with polymer vesicles with inhomogeneous membrane structures. More specifically, design principles, biomedical applications, and the future perspectives of such vesicles are summarized.
受细胞膜结构的启发，合成聚合物囊泡在几十年的时间里为生物医药的制备带来了巨大的期望。然而，与由不均匀特征组成的生物膜不同，传统的合成聚合物囊泡通常由纯疏水成分组成的均匀膜组成。这极大地限制了合成聚合物囊泡膜的多功能性。幸运的是，最近开发了具有不均匀膜的聚合物囊泡来解决这一限制。这些新的不均匀膜特征为囊泡膜引入了次要功能。事实上，聚合物囊泡的膜不再仅仅作为将内部与外部环境隔开的简单屏障。引入的膜特征可以作为可定制的纳米颗粒功能的多功能平台，允许进行生物大分子运输、糖尿病治疗和癌症治疗等功能。本文综述了具有不均匀膜结构的聚合物囊泡的最新进展。更具体地说，总结了这种囊泡的设计原则、生物医学应用和未来展望。
