Sangroula Raj Kumar, Subedi Hari Prasad, Tiwari Kalpana
College of Applied Food and Dairy Technology, New Baneshwar, Kathmandu, Nepal.
J Nutr Metab. 2020 Jun 12;2020:7432716. doi: 10.1155/2020/7432716. eCollection 2020.
Overweight and obesity are major serious public health problems, since their prevalence is accelerating rapidly not only in developed but also in developing countries. The aim of this study was to find out the factors associated with the nutritional status of the industrial workers in Bara District of Nepal.
An industry-based analytical cross-sectional study was conducted among the 271 male workers using pretested semistructured questionnaires, food frequency questionnaire, 24-hour recall method, and anthropometric measurement after obtaining informed consent from the workers. For the categorical independent variables, bivariate and multivariate regression tests were used for the analysis, and for numerical independent variables, Student's -test was used. A value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Ethical approval was taken from the Research Committee of the College of Applied Food and Diary Technology (CAFODAT).
Overweight /obesity was observed among 27.3% of the participants of which 22.1% were overweight and 5.2% were obese. Age (OR: 2.54; 95% CI: 1.346-4.823); ethnicity, Brahmin/Chhetri (OR: 6.14; 95% CI: 1.971-19.123) and Madhesi (OR: 4.641; 95% CI: 1.534-14.04); and smoking (OR: 4.165; 95% CI: 1.972-8.80) were associated with nutritional status of industrial workers. Additionally, food frequency (OR: 2.232; 95% CI: 1.101-4.522), dietary diversity, and total calorie intake were also significantly associated with nutritional status of industrial workers.
The study has indicated that more than one-fourth of workers of iron and steel industries in Bara District of Nepal are overweight or obese. Different sociodemographic and socioeconomic factors and lifestyle-related factors were associated with overweight and obesity. There is need for programs for industrial workers focused on nutrition education to raise awareness about nutrition-related problems and risk factors.
超重和肥胖是严重的主要公共卫生问题，因为其患病率不仅在发达国家而且在发展中国家都在迅速上升。本研究的目的是找出与尼泊尔巴拉区产业工人营养状况相关的因素。
在获得工人知情同意后，对271名男性工人进行了一项基于行业的分析性横断面研究，使用预先测试的半结构化问卷、食物频率问卷、24小时回顾法和人体测量法。对于分类自变量，采用双变量和多变量回归检验进行分析，对于数值自变量，采用学生t检验。P值小于0.05被认为具有显著性。已获得应用食品与乳品技术学院（CAFODAT）研究委员会的伦理批准。
27.3%的参与者存在超重/肥胖，其中22.1%超重，5.2%肥胖。年龄（比值比：2.54；95%置信区间：1.346 - 4.823）；种族，婆罗门/切特里族（比值比：6.14；95%置信区间：1.971 - 19.123）和马德西族（比值比：4.641；95%置信区间：1.534 - 14.04）；以及吸烟（比值比：4.165；95%置信区间：1.972 - 8.80）与产业工人的营养状况相关。此外，食物频率（比值比：2.232；95%置信区间：1.101 - 4.522）、饮食多样性和总热量摄入也与产业工人的营养状况显著相关。
该研究表明，尼泊尔巴拉区钢铁行业超过四分之一的工人超重或肥胖。不同的社会人口学和社会经济因素以及与生活方式相关的因素与超重和肥胖有关。需要针对产业工人开展注重营养教育的项目，以提高对营养相关问题和风险因素的认识。
