Martorell R, Leslie J, Moock P R
Am J Clin Nutr. 1984 Jan;39(1):74-86. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/39.1.74.
Herein, we examine characteristics and determinants of child malnutrition in the districts of Bara and Rautahat of the Terai region of Nepal. The sample studied consists of 510 rural children ranging in age from 3 to 10 yr. The Nepali children were found to have one of the highest reported prevalences of stunting (65% were less than 90% National study for Health Statistics median height for age). The study children were also 1 to 1.5 kg lighter when compared to US children of the same height. Fat deposits, as measured by anthropometric variables and Hb levels were also very low. Multiple regression analysis showed that age, district of residence, household income, breast-feeding, and several specific food items were significant predictors of nutritional status. Association with other factors such as caste and parental schooling, were not evident in multiple regressions. Boys were as likely to be malnourished as girls. Prolonged breast-feeding was associated with greater fat stores, but with reduced stature and low Hb values. Both landholdings and household income were found to be positively and significantly associated with almost all measures of nutritional status.
在此，我们研究了尼泊尔特莱地区巴拉和劳塔哈特县儿童营养不良的特征及决定因素。所研究的样本包括510名年龄在3至10岁的农村儿童。尼泊尔儿童的发育迟缓患病率据报告是最高的之一（65%的儿童身高低于美国国家卫生统计中心公布的年龄别身高中位数的90%）。与身高相同的美国儿童相比，这些接受研究的儿童体重也轻1至1.5千克。通过人体测量变量和血红蛋白水平衡量的脂肪储备也非常低。多元回归分析表明，年龄、居住县、家庭收入、母乳喂养以及几种特定食物是营养状况的重要预测因素。在多元回归中，与种姓和父母受教育程度等其他因素的关联并不明显。男孩和女孩营养不良的可能性相同。延长母乳喂养与更多的脂肪储备有关，但与身高降低和血红蛋白值低有关。研究发现，土地占有量和家庭收入与几乎所有营养状况指标均呈显著正相关。
