Milla Myriam, Piñero David P
Department of Optometry, OFTALVIST Alicante, Alicante 03016, Spain.
Group of Optics and Visual Perception, Department of Optics, Pharmacology and Anatomy, University of Alicante, San Vicente del Raspeig, Alicante 03690, Spain.
Int J Ophthalmol. 2020 Jul 18;13(7):1132-1147. doi: 10.18240/ijo.2020.07.18. eCollection 2020.
Strabismic amblyopia is characterized by a distorted spatial perception. In this condition, the neurofunctional disorder occurring during first years of life provoke several monocular and binocular anomalies such as crowding, deficits in the accommodative response, contrast sensitivity, and ocular motility abilities. The inhibition of the binocular function of the brain by the misaligned amblyopic eye induces a binocular imbalance leading to interocular suppression and the reduction or lack of stereoacuity. Passive treatments such as occlusion, optical and/or pharmacological penalization, and Bangerter foils has been demonstrated to be potentially useful treatments for strabismic amblyopia. Recent researches have proved new pharmacological options to improve and maintain visual acuity after occlusion treatment in strabismic amblyopia. Likewise, the active vision therapy, in the last years, is becoming a very relevant therapeutic option in combination with passive treatments, especially during and after monocular therapy, in the attempt of recovering the imbalanced binocular vision.
斜视性弱视的特征是空间感知扭曲。在这种情况下，生命最初几年出现的神经功能障碍会引发多种单眼和双眼异常，如拥挤现象、调节反应缺陷、对比敏感度以及眼球运动能力缺陷。弱视眼的眼位偏斜会抑制大脑的双眼功能，导致双眼失衡，进而引起眼间抑制以及立体视锐度降低或缺失。诸如遮盖、光学和/或药物压抑疗法以及班格特滤光片等被动治疗方法已被证明是治疗斜视性弱视的潜在有效方法。最近的研究证实了新的药物治疗方案，可用于改善和维持斜视性弱视遮盖治疗后的视力。同样，近年来，主动视觉疗法与被动治疗相结合正成为一种非常重要的治疗选择，尤其是在单眼治疗期间及之后，旨在恢复失衡的双眼视觉。
