Ilyin N N
Moscow academy of Investigative Committee of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.
Sud Med Ekspert. 2020;63(4):4-8. doi: 10.17116/sudmed2020630414.
Work purpose: to consider theoretical and practical issues of use of special forensic medical knowledge during inspection of the incident site, during investigation experiment and when appointing the transport and technical forensic examinations. The detailed study of transport incident circumstances is closely related to the use of specialized knowledge from various fields of transport and forensic medicine. The results of transport and technical forensic examinations depend entirely on the initial data submitted by the investigator and the court, which are established during the investigation: examinations, interrogations, experiments. The presence of this data allows the expert to draw up a reasonable conclusion. On the basis of the studied judicial, investigative and expert practice, examples of positive use of the results of forensic, transport and technical forensic examinations in the investigation of crimes committed at transport facilities are given. The role of the figurant in carrying out investigative actions is noted. The idea of adding to the Chapter 8 of the Code of Criminal Procedure of the Russian Federation the other participant of criminal proceedings - «figurant» - is given, defining and affirming his rights and duties.
探讨在事故现场勘查、侦查实验以及指定交通和技术司法鉴定时运用特殊法医学知识的理论和实践问题。对交通事故事实的详细研究与运用交通和法医学各领域的专业知识密切相关。交通和技术司法鉴定的结果完全取决于调查人员和法院提交的初始数据，这些数据是在调查过程中通过检验、讯问、实验确定的。这些数据的存在使专家能够得出合理结论。基于所研究的司法、调查和专家实践，列举了在交通设施犯罪调查中积极运用法医学、交通和技术司法鉴定结果的实例。指出了参与人在开展侦查行动中的作用。提出了在俄罗斯联邦《刑事诉讼法典》第8章中增加刑事诉讼的另一参与人——“参与人”——的想法，明确并确认其权利和义务。
