Danjuma S David, Ibrahim A Ishaya, Shehu Nathan Yakubu, Diala M Udochukwu, Pam C Victor, Ogbodo Christopher O
Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of Jos/ Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Department of Internal Medicine, Infectious Diseases Unit, Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria.
Niger Postgrad Med J. 2020 Jul-Sep;27(3):209-214. doi: 10.4103/npmj.npmj_44_20.
Immunisation and vaccination programmes are preventive and cost-effective child health interventions for reducing childhood mortality and disability from infectious diseases. Timely administration of these vaccines is important to ensure their effectiveness in disease prevention.
The aim was to determine the timeliness, barriers and predictors of at-birth vaccinations.
This was a cross-sectional study of 355 mother-newborn pairs using simple random sampling technique by balloting. SPSS version 23.0 was used for data analysis. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (AORs) were used as point estimates in the binary logistic regression model, while 95% confidence interval (CI) was used as the interval estimate. A P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant for the study.
The mean age of the mothers was 31.0 ± 6 years. The median age of newborns at vaccination was 18 h (IQR = 1 - 17) h. About 185 (52.1%) of the newborns studied were males. Only 191 (53.8%) newborns received at-birth vaccination within 24 h of life. Weekend delivery, birth outside vaccination days, delivery during public holidays and vaccine stock-outs were barriers to timely vaccinations. Private hospital delivery was an independent predictor of delayed at-birth vaccinations (AOR = 2.616; 95% CI = 1.382-4.951).
Our study has identified weekend delivery, preterm birth, delivery outside vaccination days and vaccines stock-outs as barriers to timely at-birth vaccinations. Private hospital delivery is a significant predictor of delayed at-birth vaccinations.
免疫接种和疫苗接种计划是具有预防作用且具有成本效益的儿童健康干预措施，可降低儿童因传染病导致的死亡率和残疾率。及时接种这些疫苗对于确保其疾病预防效果至关重要。
目的是确定出生时疫苗接种的及时性、障碍因素和预测因素。
这是一项对355对母婴进行的横断面研究，采用抽签简单随机抽样技术。使用SPSS 23.0版进行数据分析。在二元逻辑回归模型中，粗比值比和调整比值比（AOR）用作点估计，而95%置信区间（CI）用作区间估计。P<0.05被认为对本研究具有统计学意义。
母亲的平均年龄为31.0±6岁。接种疫苗时新生儿的中位年龄为18小时（四分位间距=1-17小时）。所研究的新生儿中约185例（52.1%）为男性。只有191例（53.8%）新生儿在出生后24小时内接受了出生时疫苗接种。周末分娩、在非疫苗接种日出生、在公共假日分娩和疫苗缺货是及时接种疫苗的障碍。在私立医院分娩是出生时疫苗接种延迟的独立预测因素（AOR=2.616；95%CI=1.382-4.951）。
我们的研究已确定周末分娩、早产、在非疫苗接种日出生和疫苗缺货是出生时及时接种疫苗的障碍。在私立医院分娩是出生时疫苗接种延迟的重要预测因素。
