Department of Neurology, Sijhih Cathay General Hospital, No.2, Ln. 59, Jiancheng Rd., Sijhih Dist, New Taipei City, 221, Taiwan.
Graduate Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Taipei Medical University, No. 252, Wu-Xing Street, Taipei, 110, Taiwan.
BMC Urol. 2020 Jul 20;20(1):108. doi: 10.1186/s12894-020-00678-3.
Hypokalemia is a common clinical problem. The association between urinary tract infection (UTI) and hypokalemia is not clear. Hypokalemia is common in patients with UTI in clinical observation. The aim of the study is to determine if UTI is associated with hypokalemia.
Patients hospitalized with UTI and the control group were retrieved from the Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2005. The control group was patients hospitalized with other reasons and were matched for the confoundings of UTI and hypokalemia. We analyze the risk of hypokalemia using logistic regression and calculate the odds ratio (OR) and 95% confidence interval (CI) of OR.
We analyzed 43,719 UTI patients and control patients. Hypokalemia was found in 4540 (10.4%) patients with UTI and 1842 (4.2%) control patients. The percentage of patients with hypokalemia was higher in UTI patients (chi-square, p < 0.001). UTI was associated with hypokalemia and the odds ratio (OR) was 2.27 [95% confidence interval (CI): 2.17-2.41]. Cerebrovascular accident, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, hypertension, congestive heart failure, diarrhea, medications including thiazides, sulfonamides, xanthines, and laxatives were independently associated with hypokalemia. Recurrent UTI was associated with hypokalemia in UTI patients (OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.23, p < 0.001).
Urinary tract infection is associated with hypokalemia among inpatients. The association is independent of patients' comorbidities and medications. Recurrent UTI is associated with increased hypokalemia in UTI patients.
低钾血症是一种常见的临床问题。尿路感染（UTI）与低钾血症之间的关系尚不清楚。在临床观察中，UTI 患者常伴有低钾血症。本研究旨在确定 UTI 是否与低钾血症有关。
从 2005 年纵向健康保险数据库中检索到 UTI 住院患者和对照组患者。对照组为因其他原因住院的患者，并对 UTI 和低钾血症的混杂因素进行匹配。我们使用 logistic 回归分析低钾血症的风险，并计算优势比（OR）和 95%置信区间（CI）。
我们分析了 43719 例 UTI 患者和对照组患者。在 4540 例（10.4%）UTI 患者和 1842 例（4.2%）对照组患者中发现低钾血症。UTI 患者中低钾血症的比例较高（卡方，p<0.001）。UTI 与低钾血症相关，优势比（OR）为 2.27 [95%置信区间（CI）：2.17-2.41]。脑血管意外、慢性阻塞性肺疾病、高血压、充血性心力衰竭、腹泻、噻嗪类、磺胺类、黄嘌呤类和泻药等药物与低钾血症独立相关。UTI 患者的复发性 UTI 与低钾血症相关（OR：1.13，95%CI：1.05-1.23，p<0.001）。
住院患者的尿路感染与低钾血症有关。这种关联与患者的合并症和药物无关。复发性 UTI 与 UTI 患者低钾血症的发生率增加有关。
