Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Institute for Basic Sciences, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition, Research Center for Evidence-Based Health Management, Maragheh University of Medical Sciences, Maragheh, Iran.
Int J Biol Macromol. 2020 Dec 1;164:456-467. doi: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.07.137. Epub 2020 Jul 18.
Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-AKT pathway is one of the most important kinase signaling networks in the context of cancer development and treatment. Aberrant activation of AKT, the central mediator of this pathway, has been implicated in numerous malignancies including endometrial, hepatocellular, breast, colorectal, prostate, and, cervical cancer. Thus regulation and blockage of this kinase and its key target nodes is an attractive approach in cancer therapy and diverse efforts have been done to achieve this aim. Chitosan is a carbohydrate with multiple interesting applications in cancer diagnosis and treatment strategies. This bioactive polymer and its derivative oligomers commonly used in drug/DNA delivery methods due to their functional properties which improve efficiency of delivery systems. Further, these compounds exert anti-tumor roles through the stimulation of apoptosis, immune enhancing potency, anti-oxidative features and anti-angiogenic roles. Due to the importance of PI3K-AKT signaling in cancer targeting and treatment resistance, this review discusses the involvement of chitosan, oligochitosaccharides and carriers based on these chemicals in the regulation of this pathway in different tumors.
磷脂酰肌醇 3-激酶 (PI3K)-AKT 通路是癌症发生和治疗背景下最重要的激酶信号网络之一。该通路的中央介质 AKT 的异常激活与多种恶性肿瘤有关，包括子宫内膜癌、肝癌、乳腺癌、结直肠癌、前列腺癌和宫颈癌。因此，调节和阻断这种激酶及其关键靶节点是癌症治疗的一种有吸引力的方法，为此已经做出了多种努力。壳聚糖是一种具有多种有趣应用的碳水化合物，可用于癌症诊断和治疗策略。由于其功能特性，这种生物活性聚合物及其衍生的低聚物常用于药物/DNA 递送方法中，这些特性可提高递送系统的效率。此外，这些化合物通过刺激细胞凋亡、增强免疫效力、抗氧化特性和抗血管生成作用发挥抗肿瘤作用。由于 PI3K-AKT 信号在癌症靶向和治疗耐药性中的重要性，本综述讨论了壳聚糖、低聚壳聚糖和基于这些化学物质的载体在不同肿瘤中调节该通路的作用。
