Centro Regional de Investigación en Salud Pública (CRISP), Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública (INSP), 19 Poniente, Tapachula, Chiapas, 30700, Mexico.
Centro de Investigaciones y de Estudios Avanzados (CINVESTAV), Mérida, Yucatán, 97000, Mexico.
Med Vet Entomol. 2020 Dec;34(4):440-451. doi: 10.1111/mve.12461. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
The Phyllosoma complex is a Triatominae (Hemiptera: Reduviidae) group of medical importance involved in Trypanosoma cruzi (Kinetoplastida: Trypanosomatidae) transmission. Most of the members of this group are endemic and sympatric species with distribution in Mexico and the southern U.S.A. We employed MaxEnt to construct ecological niche models of nine species of Triatominae to test three hypothesis: (a) whether species with a broad climatic niche breadth occupy a broader geographical range than species with a narrow climatic breadth, (b) whether species with broad distribution present high degree of climatic fragmentation/isolation, which was tested through landscape metrics; and (c) whether the species share the same climatic niche space (niche conservatism) considered through an equivalence test implemented in ENMtools. Overall, our results suggest that the geographical distribution of this complex is influenced mainly by temperature seasonality where all suitable areas are places of current and potential transmission of T. cruzi. Niche breadth in the Phyllosoma complex is associated with the geographical distribution range, and the geographical range affects the climatic connectivity. We found no strong evidence of niche climatic divergence in members of this complex. We discuss the epidemiological implications of these results.
若虫复合体是一组医学上重要的三锥虫（半翅目：锥虫科），参与克氏锥虫（原生动物门：动基体目）的传播。该组的大多数成员都是地方性和同域物种，分布在墨西哥和美国南部。我们利用最大熵模型构建了九种三锥虫的生态位模型，以检验三个假设：（a） 气候生态位较宽的物种是否比生态位较窄的物种占据更广泛的地理范围，（b） 分布广泛的物种是否存在高度的气候破碎化/隔离，这是通过景观指标来检验的；（c） 物种是否共享相同的气候生态位空间（生态位保守性），这是通过在 ENMtools 中实施等效性检验来考虑的。总体而言，我们的结果表明，该复合体的地理分布主要受温度季节性的影响，所有适宜地区都是克氏锥虫当前和潜在传播的地方。若虫复合体的生态位宽度与地理分布范围有关，而地理范围则影响气候连通性。我们没有发现该复合体成员在气候生态位上存在明显分歧的有力证据。我们讨论了这些结果的流行病学意义。
