Gehrke Peter, Abazari Cyrus, Schlichter Kai, Fischer Carsten, Duddeck Dirk, Romanos Georgios E, Weigl Paul
Department of Postgraduate Education, Master of Oral Implantology, Center for Dentistry and Oral Medicine (Carolinum), Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60596 Frankfurt, Germany.
Private Practice, Bismarckstrasse 27, 67059 Ludwigshafen, Germany.
Materials (Basel). 2020 Jul 20;13(14):3225. doi: 10.3390/ma13143225.
Manufacturing processes of custom implant abutments may contaminate their surfaces with micro wear deposits and generic pollutants. Such particulate debris, if not removed, might be detrimental and provoke inflammatory reactions in peri-implant tissues. Although regulatory guidelines for adequate cleaning, disinfection, or sterilization exist, there does not appear to be a consistent application and data on the amount and extent of such contaminants is lacking. The aim of the present in vitro study was to evaluate the quality and quantity of processing-related surface contamination of computer-aided design/computer-aided manufacturing (CAD/CAM) abutments in the state of delivery and after ultrasonic cleaning. A total of 28 CAD/CAM monotype and hybrid abutments were cleaned and disinfected applying a three-stage ultrasonic protocol (Finevo protocol). Before and after cleaning, the chemical composition and the contamination of the abutments were assessed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), and computer-aided planimetric measurement (CAPM). In the delivery condition, monotype abutments showed a significantly higher amount of debris compared to hybrid abutments (4.86 ± 6.10% vs. 0.03 ± 0.03%, < 0.001). The polishing process applied in the laboratory after bonding the hybrid abutment components reduces the surface roughness and thus contributes substantially to their purity. The extent of contamination caused by computer-aided manufacturing of custom abutments can be substantially minimized using a three-stage ultrasonic protocol.
定制种植基台的制造过程可能会使其表面被微磨损沉积物和一般污染物污染。此类颗粒碎片若不清除，可能有害并引发种植体周围组织的炎症反应。尽管存在关于充分清洁、消毒或灭菌的监管指南，但似乎并未得到一致应用，且缺乏关于此类污染物数量和程度的数据。本体外研究的目的是评估计算机辅助设计/计算机辅助制造（CAD/CAM）基台在交付时以及超声清洁后的加工相关表面污染的质量和数量。总共28个CAD/CAM单型和混合型基台采用三阶段超声方案（Finevo方案）进行清洁和消毒。在清洁前后，使用扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、能量色散X射线光谱仪（EDX）和计算机辅助平面测量（CAPM）评估基台的化学成分和污染情况。在交付状态下，单型基台的碎片量显著高于混合型基台（4.86±6.10%对0.03±0.03%，<0.001）。在实验室中将混合型基台组件粘结后应用的抛光工艺降低了表面粗糙度，从而对其纯度有很大贡献。使用三阶段超声方案可大幅减少定制基台计算机辅助制造所造成的污染程度。
