Department of Motor Behavior, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, University of Tabriz, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran.
Road Traffic Injury Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166616471, Iran.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020 Jul 20;17(14):5238. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17145238.
Iran has serious problems with traffic-related injuries and death. A major reason for traffic accidents is cognitive failure due to deficits in attention. In this study, we investigated the associations between traffic violations, traffic accidents, symptoms of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), age, and on an attentional network task in a sample of Iranian adults.
A total of 274 participants (mean age: 31.37 years; 80.7% males) completed questionnaires covering demographic information, driving violations, traffic accidents, and symptoms of ADHD. In addition, they underwent an objective attentional network task (ANT), based on Posner's concept of attentional networks.
More frequent traffic violations, correlated with lower age and poorer performance on the attentional network tasks. Higher symptoms of ADHD were associated with more accidents and more traffic violations, but not with the performance of the attentional tasks. Higher ADHD scores, a poorer performance on attentional network tasks, and younger age predicted traffic violations. Only higher symptoms of ADHD predicted more traffic accidents.
In a sample of Iranian drivers, self-rated symptoms of ADHD appeared to be associated with traffic violations and accidents, while symptoms of ADHD were unrelated to objectively assessed performance on an attentional network task. Poor attentional network performance was a significant predictor of traffic violations but not of accidents. To increase traffic safety, both symptoms of ADHD and attentional network performance appear to merit particular attention.
伊朗存在严重的交通相关伤害和死亡问题。交通事故的一个主要原因是由于注意力缺陷导致的认知失败。在这项研究中，我们调查了伊朗成年人样本中交通违规、交通事故、注意力缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）症状、年龄与注意网络任务之间的关联。
共有 274 名参与者（平均年龄：31.37 岁，80.7%为男性）完成了涵盖人口统计学信息、驾驶违规、交通事故和 ADHD 症状的问卷。此外，他们还接受了基于 Posner 注意力网络概念的客观注意力网络任务（ANT）。
更频繁的交通违规与较低的年龄和注意力网络任务表现较差相关。更高的 ADHD 症状与更多的事故和更多的交通违规有关，但与注意力任务的表现无关。更高的 ADHD 分数、注意力网络任务表现较差以及更年轻的年龄预测了交通违规。只有更高的 ADHD 症状预测了更多的交通事故。
在伊朗司机样本中，自我报告的 ADHD 症状似乎与交通违规和事故有关，而 ADHD 症状与注意力网络任务的客观评估表现无关。注意力网络性能差是交通违规的一个重要预测因素，但不是事故的预测因素。为了提高交通安全，ADHD 症状和注意力网络性能都需要特别关注。
