Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński University, Warsaw, Poland (Collegium Medicum).
Centre of Postgraduate Medical Education, Warsaw, Poland (School of Public Health).
Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020 Oct 20;33(6):781-789. doi: 10.13075/ijomeh.1896.01663. Epub 2020 Jul 22.
The disease caused by the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), termed COVID-19, is asymptomatic or mild in most cases. These patients do not need treatment in hospital and can be isolated at home. To date, most studies have been conducted among inpatients with severe COVID-19. In this study, the authors surveyed patients with mild COVID-19 who remained in home isolation, and analyzed the sources and occupational risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infections.
This cross-sectional study was carried out on April 17-18, 2020, among patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 who remained in home isolation in Poland. Data were acquired through a structured interview that included questions about the isolation course, symptoms, comorbidities, infection source, household characteristics, occupation, and workplace. Data were presented with descriptive statistics.
Of the 4878 patients in home isolation, the authors were able to contact 3313. Of them, 1191 patients declined their invitation, and 2122 agreed to take part. The median age of the patients included in the study was 50 years; 59% were female. Most patients (92%) had not been abroad before the infection. More than half (55%) knew how they became infected; of them, 75% became infected at work. Of all patients, 70% were occupationally active. Nearly half of the occupationally active patients (48%) worked in healthcare, 3% worked in public administration or defense, 3% worked in transportation, and 2% worked in education. Sixty-five percent of the occupationally active patients worked in companies with >100 employees.
Most of the patients with COVID-19 in home isolation in Poland were occupationally active, wherein the majority of people who were aware of the source of SARS-CoV-2 infection worked in healthcare. As most of the infected patients worked in companies with >100 employees, which is not a Polish employment pattern, the authors expect that smaller companies may have a lower risk of SARS-CoV-2 infections. Int J Occup Med Environ Health. 2020;33(6):781-9.
由严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）引起的疾病，称为 COVID-19，在大多数情况下为无症状或轻症。这些患者不需要住院治疗，可以在家中隔离。迄今为止，大多数研究都针对患有严重 COVID-19 的住院患者进行。在这项研究中，作者调查了在家中隔离的轻症 COVID-19 患者，并分析了 SARS-CoV-2 感染的来源和职业危险因素。
这项横断面研究于 2020 年 4 月 17 日至 18 日在波兰进行，对象为在家中隔离的 SARS-CoV-2 感染患者。通过包括隔离过程、症状、合并症、感染源、家庭特征、职业和工作场所问题的结构化访谈获取数据。使用描述性统计数据呈现数据。
在 4878 名在家中隔离的患者中，作者能够联系到 3313 名患者。其中，1191 名患者拒绝了邀请，2122 名患者同意参加。研究纳入患者的中位年龄为 50 岁；59%为女性。大多数患者（92%）在感染前没有出国。超过一半（55%）的患者知道自己是如何感染的；其中，75%是在工作中感染的。所有患者中，70%有职业活动。近一半（48%）有职业活动的患者在医疗保健行业工作，3%在公共行政或国防部门工作，3%在交通运输部门工作，2%在教育部门工作。65%有职业活动的患者在拥有>100 名员工的公司工作。
波兰在家中隔离的 COVID-19 患者大多数有职业活动，其中大多数知道 SARS-CoV-2 感染来源的患者在医疗保健行业工作。由于大多数感染患者在拥有>100 名员工的公司工作，这与波兰的就业模式不符，作者预计较小的公司感染 SARS-CoV-2 的风险可能较低。国际职业医学与环境卫生杂志。2020；33（6）：781-9。
